Bhatty Afreen, Baig Saeeda, Fawwad Asher, Rubab Zil E, Shahid Moazzam A, Waris Nazish
Biochemistry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, PAK.
Medicine, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, PAK.
Cureus. 2020 Mar 13;12(3):e7263. doi: 10.7759/cureus.7263.
Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A), discovered through bioinformatics, is identified as another major biomarker for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), expanding the panel of diagnostic autoantibodies. The absence of standard autoantibodies in T1DM patients and the presence of ZnT8A in individuals before disease development has led the researchers to evaluate ZnT8A to gather information about the frequency and its association. Therefore, we aim to find out the concentration of ZnT8A and its association with T1DM.
A case-control study with 25 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and 25 first-degree relatives of cases as controls was conducted at Ziauddin University in collaboration with the Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE), Karachi. Demographic data were collected from patients on a standard questionnaire. Blood samples were collected, after approval from Ziauddin Ethics Review Committee, from subjects and serum was separated to estimate ZnT8A by using sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The mean age at diagnosis of T1DM patients was 13.40±5.05 years, and the duration of diabetes was 7.74±5.85 years. The frequency of ZnT8A was found higher in cases (19 (76%)) compared to controls (6 (24%)). ZnT8A concentrations were significantly higher in cases (13.82 ng/ml) compared to the controls (8.78 ng/ml; p= 0.024). The cut-off value of 9 ng/ml was selected for measuring sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, which were determined as 76%, 76%, and 76%, respectively.
ZnT8A was found significantly associated with T1DM. Subjects with ZnT8A values ≥ 9 ng/ml are 10 times more at risk to develop T1DM (p = 0.000).
通过生物信息学发现的锌转运体8自身抗体（ZnT8A）被确定为1型糖尿病（T1DM）的另一种主要生物标志物，从而扩大了诊断性自身抗体的范围。T1DM患者缺乏标准自身抗体，且在疾病发生前个体中存在ZnT8A，这促使研究人员评估ZnT8A以收集有关其频率及其关联的信息。因此，我们旨在查明ZnT8A的浓度及其与T1DM的关联。
在卡拉奇的齐亚乌丁大学与巴凯糖尿病与内分泌学研究所（BIDE）合作，对25例1型糖尿病患者和25例病例的一级亲属作为对照进行了病例对照研究。通过标准问卷收集患者的人口统计学数据。在获得齐亚乌丁伦理审查委员会批准后，采集受试者的血样并分离血清，使用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法估算ZnT8A。
T1DM患者的平均诊断年龄为13.40±5.05岁，糖尿病病程为7.74±5.85年。发现病例组中ZnT8A的频率（19例（76%））高于对照组（6例（24%））。病例组中ZnT8A的浓度（13.82 ng/ml）显著高于对照组（8.78 ng/ml；p = 0.024）。选择9 ng/ml的临界值来测量敏感性、特异性和准确性，分别确定为76%、76%和76%。
发现ZnT8A与T1DM显著相关。ZnT8A值≥9 ng/ml的受试者患T1DM的风险高10倍（p = 0.000）。
