Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China.
Citrus Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 400712, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 13;21(8):2699. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082699.
Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation pathway that breaks down damaged macromolecules and/or organelles. It is involved in plant development and senescence, as well as in biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the autophagy process and related genes are largely unknown in citrus. In this study, we identified 35 autophagy-related genes (autophagy-related genes () of , Cs) in a genome-wide manner from sweet orange (). Bioinformatic analysis showed that these CsATGs were highly similar to ATGs in both sequence and phylogeny. All the were randomly distributed on nine known (28 genes) and one unknown (7 genes) chromosomes. Ten were predicted to be segmental duplications. Expression patterns suggested that most of the were significantly up- or down-regulated in response to drought; cold; heat; salt; mannitol; and excess manganese, copper, and cadmium stresses. In addition, two members, and , were cloned from sweet orange and ectopically expressed in . The and transgenic plants showed enhanced tolerance to osmotic stress, salt, as well as drought () or cold (), compared to wild-type plants. These results highlight the essential roles of genes in abiotic stresses.
自噬是一种高度保守的细胞内降解途径，可分解受损的大分子和/或细胞器。它参与植物的发育和衰老，以及生物和非生物胁迫。然而，柑橘中自噬过程和相关基因在很大程度上是未知的。在这项研究中，我们从甜橙中以全基因组的方式鉴定了 35 个自噬相关基因（自噬相关基因（ATG））。生物信息学分析表明，这些 CsATGs 在序列和系统发育上与拟南芥 ATGs 高度相似。所有的 ATG 都随机分布在已知的 9 条染色体（28 个基因）和 1 条未知染色体（7 个基因）上。10 个 ATG 被预测为片段重复。表达模式表明，大多数 ATG 在响应干旱、寒冷、高温、盐、甘露醇以及过量锰、铜和镉胁迫时显著上调或下调。此外，从甜橙中克隆了两个 ATG 成员 和 ，并在烟草中异位表达。与野生型植物相比， 和 转基因植物对渗透胁迫、盐以及干旱（或寒冷）表现出更强的耐受性。这些结果突出了 ATG 基因在非生物胁迫中的重要作用。
