Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea.
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 42472, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 13;21(8):2698. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082698.
Many studies have made clear that most of the genome is transcribed into noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), both of which can affect different cell features. LncRNAs are long heterogeneous RNAs that regulate gene expression and a variety of signaling pathways involved in cellular homeostasis and development. Several studies have demonstrated that lncRNA is an important class of regulatory molecule that can be targeted to change cellular physiology and function. The expression or dysfunction of lncRNAs is closely related to various hereditary, autoimmune, and metabolic diseases, and tumors. Specifically, recent work has shown that lncRNAs have an important role in kidney pathogenesis. The effective roles of lncRNAs have been recognized in renal ischemia, injury, inflammation, fibrosis, glomerular diseases, renal transplantation, and renal-cell carcinoma. The present review focuses on the emerging role and function of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of kidney inflammation and fibrosis as novel essential regulators. Although lncRNAs are important players in the initiation and progression of many pathological processes, their role in renal fibrosis remains unclear. This review summarizes the current understanding of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis and elucidates the potential role of these novel regulatory molecules as therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of kidney inflammation and fibrosis.
许多研究已经明确指出，大多数基因组都转录成非编码 RNA，包括 microRNAs（miRNAs）和长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs），它们都可以影响不同的细胞特征。lncRNAs 是长异质 RNA，可以调节基因表达和参与细胞内稳态和发育的各种信号通路。一些研究表明，lncRNA 是一种重要的调控分子类别，可以靶向改变细胞的生理和功能。lncRNA 的表达或功能障碍与各种遗传性、自身免疫性和代谢性疾病以及肿瘤密切相关。具体而言，最近的研究表明，lncRNAs 在肾脏发病机制中具有重要作用。lncRNAs 在肾脏缺血、损伤、炎症、纤维化、肾小球疾病、肾移植和肾细胞癌中具有重要作用。本综述重点介绍 lncRNAs 在肾脏炎症和纤维化发病机制中作为新型重要调节因子的新兴作用和功能。尽管 lncRNAs 在许多病理过程的发生和进展中是重要的参与者，但它们在肾脏纤维化中的作用尚不清楚。本综述总结了 lncRNAs 在肾脏纤维化发病机制中的研究现状，并阐明了这些新型调节分子作为肾脏炎症和纤维化临床治疗的治疗靶点的潜在作用。
