Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710069, China.
Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 2 Xihuamen, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710003, China.
Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Mar 1;337:109396. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109396. Epub 2021 Jan 25.
Aging as one of intrinsic biological processes is a risk factor for many chronic diseases. Kidney disease is a global problem and health care burden worldwide. The diagnosis of kidney disease is currently based on serum creatinine and urea levels. Novel biomarkers may improve diagnostic accuracy, thereby allowing early prevention and treatment. Over the past few years, advances in genome analyses have identified an emerging class of noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and epigenetic reprogramming. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome and could bind DNA, RNA and protein. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that lncRNAs played an important role in all stages of kidney disease. To date, only some lncRNAs were well identified and characterized, but the complexity of multilevel regulation of transcriptional programs involved in these processes remains undefined. In this review, we summarized the lncRNA expression profiling of large-scale identified lncRNAs on kidney diseases including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy and kidney transplantation. We further discussed a number of annotated lncRNAs linking with complex etiology of kidney diseases. Finally, several lncRNAs were highlighted as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Targeting lncRNAs may represent a precise therapeutic strategy for progressive renal fibrosis.
衰老是一种内在的生物学过程，是许多慢性疾病的危险因素。肾脏疾病是一个全球性的问题，也是全球的健康负担。目前，肾脏疾病的诊断基于血清肌酐和尿素水平。新型生物标志物可能会提高诊断的准确性，从而可以进行早期预防和治疗。在过去的几年中，基因组分析的进展已经确定了一类新的非编码 RNA，它们在基因表达和表观遗传重编程的调控中发挥着关键作用。长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 在基因组中广泛转录，并能与 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质结合。新出现的证据表明，lncRNA 在肾脏疾病的所有阶段都发挥着重要作用。迄今为止，只有一些 lncRNA 被很好地识别和描述，但涉及这些过程的转录程序的多层次调控的复杂性仍未确定。在这篇综述中，我们总结了大规模鉴定的 lncRNA 在急性肾损伤、慢性肾脏病、糖尿病肾病和肾移植等肾脏疾病中的表达谱。我们进一步讨论了一些与肾脏疾病复杂病因相关的注释 lncRNA。最后，有几个 lncRNA 被强调为诊断生物标志物和治疗靶点。针对 lncRNA 可能代表一种针对进行性肾纤维化的精确治疗策略。
