室内环境因素与社区居住的老年人群急性呼吸道疾病的前瞻性队列研究。

Indoor Environmental Factors and Acute Respiratory Illness in a Prospective Cohort of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

机构信息

School of Nursing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.

School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

J Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 17;222(6):967-978. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa188.

DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiaa188

PMID:32297941

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Ambient environmental factors have been associated with respiratory infections in ecological studies, but few studies have explored the impact of indoor environmental factors in detail. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of indoor environment on the risk of acute respiratory illness (ARI) in a subtropical city.

METHOD

A prospective cohort study was conducted in 285 community-dwelling older adults from December 2016 through May 2019. Individual household indoor environment data and ARI incidence were continuously collected. A time-stratified case-crossover analysis was conducted to estimate the excess risk of ARI associated with per-unit increase of daily mean indoor temperature, relative humidity, and absolute humidity (AH).

RESULT

In total, 168 episodes of ARI were reported with an average risk of 36.8% per year. We observed a negative association of ARI with indoor AH up to 5 lag days in cool seasons, with a 6-day cumulative excess risk estimate of -9.0% (95% confidence interval, -15.9% to -1.5%). Negative associations between household temperature or relative humidity and ARI were less consistent across warm and cool seasons.

CONCLUSIONS

Lower indoor AH in household was associated with a higher risk of ARI in the community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong during cold seasons.

摘要

背景

在生态学研究中，环境因素与呼吸道感染有关，但很少有研究详细探讨室内环境因素的影响。本研究旨在探讨亚热带城市室内环境对急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）风险的影响。

方法

2016 年 12 月至 2019 年 5 月，对 285 名居住在社区的老年居民进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。连续收集了个体家庭室内环境数据和 ARI 发病情况。采用时间分层病例交叉分析来估计每日平均室内温度、相对湿度和绝对湿度（AH）每增加一个单位与 ARI 风险增加相关的超额风险。

结果

共报告了 168 例 ARI 病例，年平均风险为 36.8%。我们观察到，在寒冷季节，室内 AH 与 ARI 呈负相关，在 5 天的滞后期内，6 天的累积超额风险估计值为-9.0%（95%置信区间：-15.9%至-1.5%）。在温暖和寒冷季节，家庭温度或相对湿度与 ARI 之间的负相关关系不太一致。