Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699, United States.
School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2020 May 19;54(10):6134-6141. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00605. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) is a hazardous, persistent, bioaccumlative brominated flame retardant. To investigate how its use has affected the Great Lakes, total HBCDD (∑HBCDD) concentrations and temporal trends in homogenized whole fish samples from the Great Lakes region (1978 to 2016) were determined. ∑HBCDD concentrations (ng/g ww) for each lake are Erie (0.49-2.60), Ontario (3.12-8.90), Michigan (3.91-9.01), Superior (5.69-13.1), and Huron (5.57-13.7). Early years (1978 to 1992) showed no significant trend. However, recent trends (2004 to 2016) suggest concentrations are increasing in Lakes Erie and Ontario, decreasing in Lakes Superior and Michigan, and not changing in Lake Huron. Decreasing trends for Lakes Superior and Michigan are likely the result of decreased usage of the compound globally, regionally, and locally. For the other lakes, increasing or zero trends are consistent with food web changes due to invasive species and climate change, which has caused more intense storms and less ice cover leading to increased sediment resuspension.
六溴环十二烷（HBCDD）是一种危险的、持久性的、生物蓄积性的溴化阻燃剂。为了研究其使用如何影响大湖地区，测定了大湖地区（1978 年至 2016 年）均质全鱼样本中的总六溴环十二烷（∑HBCDD）浓度和时间趋势。∑HBCDD 浓度（ng/g ww）各湖分别为伊利湖（0.49-2.60）、安大略湖（3.12-8.90）、密歇根湖（3.91-9.01）、苏必利尔湖（5.69-13.1）和休伦湖（5.57-13.7）。早期（1978 年至 1992 年）没有明显的趋势。然而，最近的趋势（2004 年至 2016 年）表明，伊利湖和安大略湖的浓度在增加，苏必利尔湖和密歇根湖的浓度在减少，休伦湖的浓度没有变化。苏必利尔湖和密歇根湖的下降趋势可能是由于全球、区域和当地对该化合物的使用减少所致。对于其他湖泊，增加或零趋势与由于入侵物种和气候变化导致的食物网变化一致，这些变化导致更强烈的风暴和更少的冰盖，从而导致更多的沉积物再悬浮。
