Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, México.
Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, México.
Acta Trop. 2020 Jul;207:105492. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105492. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of Leishmania parasites causing different clinical forms of leishmaniases that represent a serious emerging public health problem worldwide. Mexico harbours a large diversity of sand flies, yet only six species have been considered suspected vectors of Leishmania. The disease has been recorded in 25 states, where the State of Veracruz has recorded the highest number of cases with leishmaniases, although no systematic or epidemiological surveillance studies of Leishmania vectors have been carried out in the region. For that reason, the aim of this study was to perform the molecular detection of Leishmania DNA in phlebotomine sand flies collected from a humid tropical region in Veracruz. We confirmed the presence of Leishmania DNA in eight sand fly species. Sand flies with the highest infection were Psathyromyia aclydifera and Pychodopygus panamensis. This is also the first report of Leishmania DNA in Psathyromyia aclydifera, Psathyromyia carpenteri, Dampfomyia beltrani and Brumptomyia mesai. Our findings highlight the importance of entomological surveys and epidemiological studies, since they enable to determine whether sand fly species may be potential Leishmania vectors in a given area of the Mexico, as transmission dynamics can vary in the different regions.
嗜人按蚊是利什曼原虫寄生虫的传播媒介，可引起不同临床形式的利什曼病，这是全球一个严重的新出现的公共卫生问题。墨西哥拥有大量的按蚊，但只有六种被认为是利什曼原虫的可疑传播媒介。这种疾病已经在 25 个州记录在案，其中韦拉克鲁斯州记录的利什曼病病例最多，尽管该地区尚未对利什曼原虫媒介进行系统或流行病学监测研究。出于这个原因，本研究的目的是在韦拉克鲁斯州的一个潮湿的热带地区采集的嗜人按蚊中进行利什曼原虫 DNA 的分子检测。我们在 8 种按蚊中证实了存在利什曼原虫 DNA。感染率最高的按蚊是 Psathyromyia aclydifera 和 Pychodopygus panamensis。这也是首次在 Psathyromyia aclydifera、Psathyromyia carpenteri、Dampfomyia beltrani 和 Brumptomyia mesai 中报告利什曼原虫 DNA。我们的研究结果强调了昆虫学调查和流行病学研究的重要性，因为它们可以确定在墨西哥的特定地区按蚊是否可能是潜在的利什曼原虫传播媒介，因为传播动态在不同地区可能会有所不同。
