Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 06720, México.
Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Unidad de Patógenos y Vectores. Dr. Carlos Canseco s/n esquina Dr. J. E. González, Col. Mitras Centro, C.P. 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México.
Acta Trop. 2021 Apr;216:105831. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105831. Epub 2021 Jan 16.
Phlebotomine sand flies can transmit several species of the genus Leishmania, that cause leishmaniasis, a serious neglected tropical disease worldwide. Although Mexico is an endemic country for the disease, studies on the biology, ecology, and the identification of blood meal sources of phlebotomine sand flies in some states remain unexplored. For this reason, this study aimed to evaluate the species diversity of sand flies, and identify their blood meal sources in the Biosphere Reserve Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, an area with a high prevalence of Leishmania infantum. The cumulative sampling effort of sand flies covered 300 trap-nights between March 2011 and May 2013. For estimating species diversity, we calculated the species richness (q = 0), the diversity of the species (q = 1) and the dominant species (q = 2). To identify the blood meal sources, we amplified and sequenced a fragment of ≈400 bp of the vertebrate Cytb gene. A total of 951 specimens belonging to 15 species were collected. Psathyromyia aclydifera and Psychodopygus panamensis were the most abundant species. We were able to identify seven terrestrial vertebrate species, among which human beings were the most common source of the blood meal. In this study, relevant information on the structure of sand fly populations and their blood meal sources was obtained, providing basic and important information about the interactions between sand flies, hosts and Leishmania species.
嗜人按蚊能传播几种利什曼原虫属，引起利什曼病，这是一种在世界范围内被严重忽视的热带病。尽管墨西哥是该病的地方性流行国家，但对某些州的嗜人按蚊生物学、生态学和血液来源的研究仍未得到探索。出于这个原因，本研究旨在评估沙蝇的物种多样性，并确定它们在洛斯图尔塔斯生物圈保护区（Biosphere Reserve Los Tuxtlas）的血液来源，该地区是利什曼原虫感染率很高的地区。沙蝇的累积采样工作在 2011 年 3 月至 2013 年 5 月之间进行了 300 个陷阱夜。为了估计物种多样性，我们计算了物种丰富度（q=0）、物种多样性（q=1）和优势物种（q=2）。为了识别血液来源，我们扩增和测序了约 400bp 的脊椎动物 Cytb 基因片段。共收集到 951 只属于 15 个种的标本。阿克利德沙蝇和巴拿马沙蝇是最丰富的物种。我们能够识别出七种陆生脊椎动物，其中人类是最常见的血液来源。在这项研究中，获得了关于沙蝇种群结构及其血液来源的相关信息，为沙蝇、宿主和利什曼原虫种之间的相互作用提供了基本和重要的信息。
