Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jall-Eddib, Lebanon.
BMC Psychol. 2020 Apr 16;8(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00404-6.
The prevalence in the Lebanese general population of cigarette and waterpipe smoking, alcohol drinking and internet use seems to be increasing lately. So far, no study was done relating the above to attachment styles in Lebanese adolescents. Consequently, the objective of our study was to assess the relationship between attachment styles (secure, preoccupied, fearful, and dismissing) and addictions (cigarettes, water pipes, alcohol, and internet) among this population.
It is a cross-sectional study that took place between January and May 2019. Two thousand questionnaires were distributed out of which 1810 (90.5%) were completed and collected back. A proportionate random sample of schools from all Lebanese Mohafazat was used as recruitment method.
A secure attachment style was significantly associated with lower addiction to alcohol, cigarette, and waterpipe, whereas insecure attachment styles (preoccupied, dismissing and fearful) were significantly associated with higher addiction to cigarette, waterpipe, alcohol, and internet.
Lebanese adolescents with insecure attachment had higher rates of addiction to cigarette, waterpipe, alcohol, and internet. They should be closely monitored in order to reduce the risk of future substance use disorder and/or behavioral addiction development.
最近，黎巴嫩普通人群中香烟和水烟吸烟、饮酒和上网的流行率似乎有所上升。到目前为止，还没有研究将上述因素与黎巴嫩青少年的依恋类型联系起来。因此，我们的研究目的是评估依恋类型（安全型、焦虑型、恐惧型和回避型）与该人群中吸烟、水烟、饮酒和上网等成瘾行为之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2019 年 1 月至 5 月进行。共发放了 2000 份问卷，其中 1810 份（90.5%）完成并收回。采用从黎巴嫩所有省按比例随机抽取学校的方法进行招募。
安全的依恋风格与较低的吸烟、饮酒和水烟成瘾显著相关，而不安全的依恋风格（焦虑型、回避型和恐惧型）与较高的吸烟、水烟、饮酒和上网成瘾显著相关。
具有不安全依恋风格的黎巴嫩青少年吸烟、水烟、饮酒和上网成瘾率较高。应密切监测他们，以降低未来物质使用障碍和/或行为成瘾发展的风险。
