Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Can J Cardiol. 2020 May;36(5):732-739. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.02.092. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
Hypertension continues to be the leading cause of preventable death and disability. The objective of this study was to examine hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control for women and men in Canada over the last decade.
A nationally representative, cross-sectional study was conducted using the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2017). Using blood pressure readings from each respondent, along with a self-reported history of high blood pressure and active medications, the rates of hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control were calculated for women and men.
A total of 5,794,641 people were identified to have hypertension from 2007 to 2017, representing 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.9%-24.2%) of the Canadian adult population with no appreciable change in prevalence over the decade. Overall awareness, treatment, and control were 83.5% (95% CI, 81.5%-85.4%), 78.9% (95% CI, 76.2%-81.6%), and 65.4% (95% CI, 62.4%-68.4%), respectively, with no significant changes in men from 2007 to 2017. Conversely, in women, substantial deteriorations in awareness (72.2% [95% CI, 64.1%-80.2%] in 2016-2017 vs 85.0% [95% CI, 82.4%-87.7%] in 2007-2015), treatment (65.2% [95% CI, 57.6%-72.8%] vs 82.2% [95% CI, 79.4%-85.1%]), and control (49.2% [95% CI, 39.7%-58.7%] vs 67.0% [95% CI, 63.9%-70.1%]) were found.
After plateauing early in the 2000s, Canadian hypertension treatment and control rates have declined in the past decade, largely in women. Renewed collaborative efforts by key stakeholders are urgently needed to address this increase in preventable risk for cardiovascular disease.
高血压仍然是可预防的死亡和残疾的主要原因。本研究的目的是在过去十年中检查加拿大女性和男性的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率。
使用加拿大健康测量调查（2007-2017 年）进行了一项全国代表性的横断面研究。根据每个受访者的血压读数以及高血压病史和正在服用的药物，计算了女性和男性的高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率。
从 2007 年到 2017 年，共有 5794641 人被确定患有高血压，占加拿大成年人口的 23.1%（95%置信区间[CI]，21.9%-24.2%），在过去十年中，高血压患病率没有明显变化。总体知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为 83.5%（95%CI，81.5%-85.4%）、78.9%（95%CI，76.2%-81.6%）和 65.4%（95%CI，62.4%-68.4%），2007 年至 2017 年，男性无显著变化。相反，在女性中，知晓率（2016-2017 年为 72.2%[95%CI，64.1%-80.2%] vs. 2007-2015 年为 85.0%[95%CI，82.4%-87.7%]）、治疗率（2016-2017 年为 65.2%[95%CI，57.6%-72.8%] vs. 2007-2015 年为 82.2%[95%CI，79.4%-85.1%]）和控制率（2016-2017 年为 49.2%[95%CI，39.7%-58.7%] vs. 2007-2015 年为 67.0%[95%CI，63.9%-70.1%]）均有明显下降。
在 21 世纪初趋于平稳后，过去十年中加拿大高血压的治疗和控制率有所下降，主要发生在女性中。需要利益相关者的共同努力，以解决心血管疾病可预防风险的增加。
