Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Levanger, Norway.
Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Namsos, Norway.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021 Mar;30(3):441-449. doi: 10.1007/s00787-020-01529-0. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
Adolescents' exposure to negative life events (NLEs) and potentially traumatic events is highly prevalent and increases their risk of developing psychological disorders considerably. NLE exposure has also been linked to the development of social anxiety disorder (SAD) among older children and young adolescents. Despite the relatively low treatment efficacy reported for children and adolescents suffering from SAD, few studies have addressed the extent to which resilience factors, such as social support and social self-efficacy, are associated with SAD symptoms. This study examined whether social support and social self-efficacy predict, and buffer against SAD symptoms using a large, population-based sample of adolescents, among whom a large proportion have experienced NLEs. The results reveal that NLEs are significantly associated with SAD symptoms, while social support and social self-efficacy are both negatively associated with SAD symptoms. Only the NLEs × social support interaction significantly predicted SAD symptoms, with social support attenuating the association between NLEs and SAD symptoms. Moreover, increases in both social self-efficacy and social support were associated with reduced SAD symptoms, over and above variance explained by social support alone. Our cumulative results suggest that interventions that can modify both social support and social self-efficacy may help reduce SAD symptoms in at-risk adolescents.
青少年经历负面生活事件（NLEs）和潜在创伤性事件的情况非常普遍，这大大增加了他们患上心理障碍的风险。NLE 暴露也与年龄较大的儿童和青少年社交焦虑症（SAD）的发展有关。尽管报道称儿童和青少年 SAD 的治疗效果相对较低，但很少有研究探讨韧性因素（如社会支持和社交自我效能）与 SAD 症状的关联程度。本研究使用基于人群的大量青少年样本，检验了社会支持和社交自我效能是否可以预测 SAD 症状，并通过社会支持缓冲 SAD 症状，其中很大一部分青少年经历过 NLE。结果表明，NLEs 与 SAD 症状显著相关，而社会支持和社交自我效能都与 SAD 症状呈负相关。只有 NLEs×社会支持的相互作用显著预测了 SAD 症状，社会支持减轻了 NLEs 和 SAD 症状之间的关联。此外，社交自我效能和社会支持的增加都与 SAD 症状的减少有关，超过了社会支持单独解释的方差。我们的综合研究结果表明，能够改变社会支持和社交自我效能的干预措施可能有助于减少高危青少年的 SAD 症状。
