Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2020 May;30(5):408-424. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.02.005. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
As one of the fundamental requirements for cell growth and proliferation, nitrogen acquisition and utilization must be tightly regulated. Nitrogen can be generated from amino acids (AAs) and utilized for biosynthetic processes through transamination and deamination reactions. Importantly, limitations of nitrogen availability in cells can disrupt the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and other important nitrogen-containing compounds. Rewiring cellular metabolism to support anabolic processes is a feature common to both cancer and proliferating immune cells. In this review, we discuss how nitrogen is utilized in biosynthetic pathways and highlight different metabolic and oncogenic programs that alter the flow of nitrogen to sustain biomass production and growth, an important emerging feature of cancer and immune cell proliferation.
作为细胞生长和增殖的基本要求之一，氮的获取和利用必须受到严格调控。氮可以从氨基酸（AAs）中产生，并通过转氨基和脱氨基反应用于生物合成过程。重要的是，细胞中氮的可用性限制会破坏蛋白质、核酸和其他重要含氮化合物的合成。重新布线细胞代谢以支持合成代谢过程是癌症和增殖免疫细胞的共同特征。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了氮在生物合成途径中的利用，并强调了改变氮流动以维持生物量生产和生长的不同代谢和致癌程序，这是癌症和免疫细胞增殖的一个重要新兴特征。
