School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
School of Water Resources and Environment, MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Aug;263(Pt A):114540. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114540. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Whereas there is broad consensus that smelting causes serious soil contamination during vanadium production, little is known about the vanadium content of soil near smelters and the associated health risk at continental scale. This study is the first to map the distribution of vanadium in farmland soil surrounding smelters throughout mainland China, and assess the associated health risk. Analysis of 76 samples indicated that the average vanadium content in such soil was 115.5 mg/kg - far higher than the 82 mg/kg background content in China (p < 0.05). Southwest China (198.0 mg/kg) and North China (158.3 mg/kg) possessed highest vanadium contents. Vanadium content was strongly related to longitude, altitude, and atmospheric temperature. The reducible fraction accounted for the largest percentages in vanadium speciation. The average Pollution Load Index for all samples was 1.51, denoting significant metal enrichment. The Children's hazard index was higher than unity, indicating elevated health risk. The relative contribution of vanadium to the total health risk ranged from 6.02% to 34.5%, while nickel and chromium were the two main contributors in most regions. This work may serve as a model providing an overview of continental vanadium contamination around smelters, and draw attention to their possible health risks.
虽然人们普遍认为在钒生产过程中熔炼会导致严重的土壤污染，但对于冶炼厂附近土壤中的钒含量及其在大陆范围内的相关健康风险知之甚少。本研究首次绘制了中国各地冶炼厂周围农田土壤中钒的分布图谱，并评估了其相关健康风险。对 76 个样本的分析表明，此类土壤中的钒平均含量为 115.5mg/kg-远高于中国 82mg/kg 的背景含量(p<0.05)。中国西南地区(198.0mg/kg)和华北地区(158.3mg/kg)的钒含量最高。钒含量与经度、海拔和大气温度密切相关。可还原态在钒形态中占比最大。所有样本的平均污染负荷指数为 1.51，表明金属严重富集。所有样本的儿童危害指数均高于 1，表明健康风险增加。钒对总健康风险的相对贡献范围为 6.02%至 34.5%，而在大多数地区，镍和铬是两个主要贡献者。这项工作可以作为一个模型，概述了冶炼厂周围大陆范围内的钒污染情况，并引起了人们对其可能存在的健康风险的关注。
