Li Yan, Huang Feiyi, Tao Yu, Zhou Ying, Bai Aimei, Yu Zhanghong, Xiao Dong, Zhang Changwei, Liu Tongkun, Hou Xilin, Li Ying
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (East China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P. R. China, Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education of the P. R. China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Feb 15;11(2):389. doi: 10.3390/antiox11020389.
Copper is a mineral element, which is necessary for the normal growth and development of plants, but high levels of copper will seriously damage plants. Studies have shown that improves the tolerance of to aluminum and cadmium stress. However, the role of in the copper stress response of plants is still unclear. Here, we identified four genes (named , , and respectively) encoding glutathione reductase (GR) in non-heading Chinese cabbage (), which could be divided into two types based on the subcellular localization. Among them, , which belonged to the cytoplasmic localization type, was significantly upregulated under copper stress. Compared to WT (the wild type), heterologously overexpressed had longer roots, higher fresh weight, higher GSH levels and GSH/GSSG (oxidized form of GSH) ratio, and accumulated more superoxide dismutase and peroxidase under copper stress. However, in the AsA-GSH cycle under copper stress, the contents of AsA and AsA/DHA were significantly downregulated, and the contents of DHA and T-AsA (total AsA) were upregulated, in the -overexpressing . Therefore, could improve the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing the activity of GR, antioxidant enzymes and the utilization of AsA, and then enhance the copper stress tolerance of plants.
铜是一种矿物质元素，对植物的正常生长发育必不可少，但高浓度的铜会严重损害植物。研究表明，[具体物质]提高了[具体植物]对铝和镉胁迫的耐受性。然而，[具体物质]在植物铜胁迫响应中的作用仍不清楚。在此，我们在不结球白菜中鉴定出四个分别编码谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的基因（分别命名为[基因名称1]、[基因名称2]、[基因名称3]和[基因名称4]），根据亚细胞定位可将它们分为两种类型。其中，属于细胞质定位类型的[基因名称]在铜胁迫下显著上调。与野生型（WT）相比，异源过表达[基因名称]的植株在铜胁迫下根更长、鲜重更高、谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平和GSH/氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）比值更高，并且积累了更多的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶。然而，在铜胁迫下的抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环中，过表达[基因名称]的植株中AsA和AsA/脱氢抗坏血酸（DHA）的含量显著下调，而DHA和总抗坏血酸（T-AsA）的含量上调。因此，[基因名称]可以通过提高GR的活性、抗氧化酶的活性以及AsA的利用率来提高活性氧（ROS）的清除能力，进而增强植物对铜胁迫的耐受性。
