J Phys Act Health. 2020 May 1;17(5):493-500. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0532.
Higher levels of actual and perceived motor competence are purported to lead to participation in physical activity (PA). Whereas considerable work has been published regarding motor and perceived competence and body mass index (BMI), much less is known about the association of these variables considering PA and engagement in physical education settings-the focus of the present study.
In 600 children (aged 3-10 y), PA during physical education lessons, locomotor skills, object control skills, perceived competence, and BMI (study 1) were assessed. In a subsample of 149 children, PA, engagement, and health-related fitness were assessed (study 2).
Structural equation model showed that in study 1, locomotor skills were the strongest variable in the early years, and object control skills were the strongest later, in explained PA. The regression analysis, in study 2, showed that BMI, object control skills, and engagement were significantly associated with PA and that appropriate motor engagement was the best predictor of PA.
The authors extended previous research by providing evidence that motor competence varies across childhood in explaining participation in PA, and appropriate motor engagement plays a critical role in being active during lessons and was the strongest predictor of PA. BMI and self-perception were not significant in the models.
更高水平的实际和感知运动能力据称会导致身体活动（PA）的参与。虽然已经发表了大量关于运动和感知能力以及身体质量指数（BMI）的工作，但对于这些变量与 PA 和参与体育教育环境（本研究的重点）之间的关联知之甚少。
在 600 名儿童（3-10 岁）中，评估了体育课上的 PA、运动技能、物体控制技能、感知能力和 BMI（研究 1）。在 149 名儿童的子样本中，评估了 PA、参与度和与健康相关的体能（研究 2）。
结构方程模型显示，在研究 1 中，运动技能在早期是最强的变量，而物体控制技能在后期是最强的，解释了 PA。回归分析显示，BMI、物体控制技能和参与度与 PA 显著相关，而适当的运动参与度是 PA 的最佳预测指标。
作者通过提供证据扩展了先前的研究，表明运动能力在解释 PA 参与方面在整个儿童期存在差异，适当的运动参与在课程中积极参与中起着关键作用，是 PA 的最强预测指标。BMI 和自我感知在模型中并不重要。
