Physical Education Department, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, China.
College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, 321004, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 May 10;24(1):1283. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18769-3.
Although prior studies have demonstrated that children with high levels of fundamental movement skill (FMS) are more active throughout the day, little is known about children's FMS and their physical activity (PA) during different segments of the school day (e.g., recess, lunch break, and physical education). The present study focused on FMS and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) during school day and identifies the association between children's FMS and MVPA during different segments of the school day in China.
A total of 322 children (boys n = 163, girls n = 159; M = 8.12, SD = 1.22 years) from four elementary schools involved in this study. Children's FMS and MVPA were measured using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2nd edition (TGMD-2) and hip-mounted accelerometers. Data such as height, weight, and socio-economic status (SES) were also obtained. Multilevel mixed regression models were used to examine the cross-sectional associations between FMS and MVPA. Models were adjusted for gender, age, standardized body mass index, and SES.
Children engaged in 32.19 min of MVPA during the whole school day. Boys were more active than girls and had higher object-control skills competency. Locomotor skills were positively associated with children's long recess (B = 1.063) and short recess time (B = 1.502) MVPA. Object-control skills were positively correlated with children's MVPA time during long recess (B = 1.244) and physical education (PE) lessons (B = 1.171).
The findings highlight the importance of developing both locomotor and object-control skills in elementary schools to lead more MVPA engagement during different segments of the school day.
尽管先前的研究表明，基本运动技能（FMS）水平较高的儿童在一天中会更加活跃，但对于儿童的 FMS 以及他们在学校日不同时段（如课间休息、午餐休息和体育课）的身体活动（PA）知之甚少。本研究重点关注学校日期间的 FMS 和中等到剧烈的 PA（MVPA），并确定了中国儿童在学校日不同时段的 FMS 与 MVPA 之间的关联。
共有来自四所小学的 322 名儿童（男生 n=163，女生 n=159；M=8.12，SD=1.22 岁）参与了本研究。儿童的 FMS 和 MVPA 使用儿童运动技能测试第二版（TGMD-2）和臀部佩戴的加速度计进行测量。还获得了身高、体重和社会经济地位（SES）等数据。使用多层混合回归模型来检验 FMS 和 MVPA 之间的横断面关联。模型调整了性别、年龄、标准化体重指数和 SES。
儿童在整个学校日中进行了 32.19 分钟的 MVPA。男孩比女孩更活跃，且具有更高的物体控制技能能力。移动技能与儿童长课间休息（B=1.063）和短课间休息时间（B=1.502）的 MVPA 呈正相关。物体控制技能与儿童长课间休息（B=1.244）和体育课（PE）时间的 MVPA 呈正相关（B=1.171）。
研究结果强调了在小学发展移动和物体控制技能的重要性，以促进在学校日不同时段进行更多的 MVPA 活动。
