Faculty of Education, University of Almería, Almería, Spain; LFE Research Group, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences-INEF. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Universidad de Los Lagos (University of Los Lagos), Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Research Nucleus in Health, Physical Activity and Sport, Laboratory of Measurement and Assessment in Sport, Osorno, Chile.
J Sci Med Sport. 2020 Oct;23(10):973-978. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.03.002. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
The aim of this study was to analyze the jump load performed by top-level volleyball players during an entire training season in terms of the player role, training period, type of daily training, and quality of opposition in the subsequent match.
Longitudinal panel observational study.
The total number of jumps performed by players was recorded through 174 training days distributed in 32 weeks during the 2016/2017 season (pre-season, 5 weeks; in-season, 27 weeks). The players role were classified as middle-blocker, outside-hitter, opposite and setter (the libero was omitted). A generalized mixed linear model was performed (with Bonferroni post hoc test at p<0.05) to assess the effect of training variables and the repeated-measures data of players' jumps along various training days. Additionally, the effect sizes at 95% confidence intervals were calculated to compare the jump load between players' role and training variables.
The results showed a significant and moderate higher amount of jumps performed by middle-blockers regardless the type of macro- or micro-cycle, the micro-cycle phase, the type of training and the quality of match opposition. Contrarily, the setter performs the least jump load in all variables analyzed. Only the players' role, macro-cycle and micro-cycle phase had significant effects on the player's jump load variation along the season.
This information could be useful to guide the monitoring and preparation process for coaches and physical trainers. These values allow differentiating between players' role and could be used as references values in order to avoid injuries whereas performance increase along the season.
本研究旨在分析顶级排球运动员在整个训练赛季中根据球员角色、训练周期、日常训练类型以及随后比赛中对手质量所承受的跳跃负荷。
纵向面板观察研究。
通过 174 个训练日记录运动员完成的总跳跃次数，这些训练日分布在 2016/2017 赛季的 32 周内（ preseason，5 周； in-season，27 周）。球员角色分为中间拦网手、外线击球手、对面和二传手（自由人除外）。采用广义混合线性模型（ Bonferroni 事后检验，p<0.05）评估训练变量和运动员在不同训练日的跳跃重复测量数据的影响。此外，计算 95%置信区间的效应大小，以比较球员角色和训练变量之间的跳跃负荷。
结果表明，中间拦网手无论在宏观或微观周期的类型、微观周期阶段、训练类型以及比赛对手质量如何，跳跃次数都明显且中等偏高。相反，二传手在所有分析的变量中完成的跳跃次数最少。只有球员角色、宏观周期和微观周期阶段对球员在整个赛季中的跳跃负荷变化有显著影响。
这些信息对于指导教练和体能教练的监测和准备过程非常有用。这些数值可以区分球员角色，并可作为参考值，以避免受伤，同时提高赛季中的表现。
