Department of Medical Bioscience, Comparative Spermatology Laboratory, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd., P/B X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2020 Sep;220:106350. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106350. Epub 2020 Apr 4.
Computer Aided Sperm Analysis is currently well established in domestic animals. Apart from sperm concentration and sperm motility assessment (percentage groupings, kinematics groupings) sperm morphology, sperm viability, sperm fragmentation and the acrosome reaction are automated as part of modern CASA systems. This review cum new original research paper focuses on providing baseline data on sperm concentration and motility in common domestic species of animals of proven fertility including bull, boar, horse, ram, goat, dog, donkey, chicken. There is a great need to establish quantitative baseline values for sperm quality, breed differences and to develop and apply relevant sperm functional tests that relates to fertilization outcome. These approaches need to be standardized. Two new approaches are presented in this work that are complimentary to CASA and provide a whole range of new visualizations and parameters that may assist to define sperm function and quality better. The first new approach shows how Two-D analysis using X and Y coordinates of CASA can be converted to Three-dimensional (3) tracks. This method shows how sperm movement can be visualized in 3 despite several shortcomings. The second approach of flagellar analysis through the use of the FAST programme (Flagellar and Sperm Tracking) of the University of Birmingham group represents a new development and provides several new quantitative measures such as flagellar speed and energy output (in Watts) expended by each sperm. Together with CASA and other sperm functional parameters, FAST may provide new and novel insights in sperm biology and assist in fertility assessment.
计算机辅助精子分析目前在家畜中得到了很好的应用。除了精子浓度和精子活力评估（分组、运动学分组）外，精子形态、精子活力、精子碎片化和顶体反应也作为现代 CASA 系统的一部分实现了自动化。这篇综述兼原始研究论文的重点是提供已证明具有生育能力的常见家养动物（包括公牛、公猪、马、公羊、山羊、狗、驴、鸡）的精子浓度和活力的基准数据。非常有必要为精子质量、品种差异建立定量基准值，并开发和应用与受精结果相关的相关精子功能测试。这些方法需要标准化。本工作提出了两种新的方法，它们与 CASA 相辅相成，提供了一系列新的可视化和参数，可能有助于更好地定义精子功能和质量。第一种新方法展示了如何使用 CASA 的 X 和 Y 坐标进行二维分析，将其转换为三维（3）轨迹。该方法显示了尽管存在一些缺点，但如何在 3 中可视化精子运动。第二种方法是通过伯明翰大学 FAST 程序（Flagellar and Sperm Tracking）使用鞭毛分析，这是一个新的发展，提供了几个新的定量测量，如鞭毛速度和每个精子消耗的能量输出（瓦特）。与 CASA 和其他精子功能参数一起，FAST 可能为精子生物学提供新的见解，并有助于评估生育能力。
