Post-Graduation Program in Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Service of Endocrinology and Metabology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 30;102:109947. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109947. Epub 2020 Apr 17.
Ketogenic diet (KD) is comprised of a distinct macronutrient combination: i.e. 90% fat, 8% of protein and 2% of carbohydrates, typically characterized as a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet. KD's efficacy was largely established for treatment resistant epilepsy in children, but its mental, emotional and behavioral effects remain largely unknown. Nevertheless, the efficacious effects of KD in childhood epilepsy provide rationale for repurposing this approach for other brain-based disorders. Consequently, clinicians and researchers should be aware of the evidence regarding efficacy, as well as the benefits and risks of adopting this diet. Results from animals and humans studies provide equivocal evidence across multiple domains of psychopathology. Conceptually, KD shows promise to serve as an efficacious treatment for mental disorders.
生酮饮食（KD）由一种独特的宏量营养素组合组成：即 90%的脂肪、8%的蛋白质和 2%的碳水化合物，通常被认为是一种高脂肪低碳水化合物的饮食。KD 的疗效在很大程度上是针对儿童耐药性癫痫确立的，但它对心理、情绪和行为的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。尽管如此，KD 在儿童癫痫中的有效作用为将这种方法重新用于治疗其他基于大脑的疾病提供了依据。因此，临床医生和研究人员应该了解关于疗效的证据，以及采用这种饮食的益处和风险。动物和人类研究的结果在多个精神病理学领域提供了相互矛盾的证据。从概念上讲，KD 有望成为治疗精神障碍的有效方法。
