Charan Iftikhar Ahmed, Xin Shen, Zezhuang Wang, Yao Dewei
Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Political Science of Anhui University, No: 111 Jiulong Road, Jingkai District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230601, PR China.
Department of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Political Science of Anhui University, No: 111 Jiulong Road, Jingkai District, Hefei City, Anhui Province, 230601, PR China.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2020 Aug;52:102020. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102020. Epub 2020 Apr 12.
Ritual healing is one of the core topics in anthropology and is also important in psychology. The key aim of this study is to investigate and explore the understanding of religious perspectives of ritual healing and trance practices in Muslim shrines in Pakistan. Several studies have been conducted to highlight the shrines in Muslim countries to demonstrate the Sufi tradition in Islam, where the followers seek healing and use the Sufi saints as intermediaries for the fulfillment of their desires. In Pakistan, the shrine of Hazrat Lal Shahbaz Qalandar provides a vital cultural, religious, psychological, and social resource where people get involved in religious rituals and trances. A sample of 70 devotees was randomly interviewed with the help of qualitative research methods such as semi-structured and in-depth interviewed, key informants included observation were used for data collection. The major focus of this study is on the religious rituals of healing and the overall assumption that people engage in this practice according to their socio-cultural needs, and followers of the shrine in the living community seek healing rituals to address their social ailments as well as physical and emotional problems. They engage in different types of rituals, including trances, with different objectives. The research goal is to discover the chief motive of devotees who visit the shrine for the rituals and religious practices. These findings of this study propose that shrine ritual healing is powerful not so much because of the specific practice of exorcist rituals, but because the practice is associated with sacred activities and religious rituals performed by thousands of people throughout the years.
仪式治疗是人类学的核心主题之一，在心理学中也很重要。本研究的主要目的是调查和探索对巴基斯坦穆斯林圣地仪式治疗和出神体验的宗教观点的理解。已经进行了几项研究来突出穆斯林国家的圣地，以展示伊斯兰教中的苏菲传统，在那里信徒寻求治疗，并将苏菲圣徒作为实现其愿望的中间人。在巴基斯坦，拉尔·沙巴兹·卡兰德圣人圣地提供了重要的文化、宗教、心理和社会资源，人们在那里参与宗教仪式和出神体验。借助定性研究方法，如半结构化访谈和深度访谈，对70名信徒进行了随机访谈，并通过观察关键信息提供者来收集数据。本研究的主要重点是治疗性宗教仪式，以及人们根据其社会文化需求参与这种做法的总体假设，生活社区中的圣地信徒寻求治疗仪式来解决他们的社会疾病以及身体和情感问题。他们怀着不同的目的参与不同类型的仪式，包括出神体验。研究目标是发现前往圣地进行仪式和宗教活动的信徒的主要动机。本研究的这些发现表明，圣地仪式治疗之所以强大，与其说是因为驱魔仪式的具体做法，不如说是因为这种做法与数千年来人们进行的神圣活动和宗教仪式相关联。
