School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, People's Republic of China.
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, People's Republic of China.
Water Res. 2020 Jun 15;177:115770. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115770. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation, which gets rid of the limitation of saline waters, enables to supply potable water in the worldwide, especially in remote areas where only solar energy and water are available. This technique has also exhibited great potential applications in fields such as seawater desalination, steam sterilization, and fuel production. However, the evaporation efficiency decreases during continuous operation in saline water due to the blockage of the solar absorber resulting from crystalline salt deposition. Therefore, it is still a great challenge to design a stable and efficient solar-driven interfacial saline water evaporator. Herein, a variety of structural designs and engineering strategies for salt removal of evaporators in the latest years were reviewed. We classified these strategies as remaining unsaturated evaporation of saline water, preventing salt ions from contacting the solar absorber, dissolving and/or migrating back of crystalline salts, and keeping salt crystallization away from evaporation area. Finally, the current challenges and future research opportunities were discussed. The purpose of this review was: (1) to provide ideas to solve the problem of the reduced efficiency causing by salt deposition during saline water evaporation and (2) to promote the application of solar-driven interfacial saline water evaporation technology by providing the latest achievements in structural designs for salt removal.
太阳能驱动界面水蒸发摆脱了盐水的限制，能够在全球范围内提供饮用水，特别是在太阳能和水都可利用的偏远地区。该技术在海水淡化、蒸汽消毒和燃料生产等领域也显示出巨大的应用潜力。然而，由于结晶盐沉积导致太阳能吸收器堵塞，在连续的盐水蒸发过程中，蒸发效率会降低。因此，设计稳定高效的太阳能驱动界面盐水蒸发器仍然是一个巨大的挑战。本文综述了近年来蒸发器除盐的各种结构设计和工程策略。我们将这些策略分为保持不饱和盐水蒸发、防止盐离子接触太阳能吸收器、溶解和/或使结晶盐回移、以及使盐结晶远离蒸发区。最后，讨论了当前的挑战和未来的研究机会。本文综述的目的是：（1）为解决盐水蒸发过程中盐沉积导致效率降低的问题提供思路；（2）通过提供除盐结构设计的最新成果，推动太阳能驱动界面盐水蒸发技术的应用。
