Zhou X H, Huang Y, Yuan C, Zheng S G, Zhang J, Zhang J G
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2020 Apr 18;52(2):323-331. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.02.021.
To investigate the oral cancer awareness, its related knowledge among residents in Beijing.
A questionnaire survey was conducted among Beijing residents (non-medical related personnel) on the knowledge of oral cancer and its prevention and treatment.
A total of 1 483 questionnaires were completed, including 663 males (44.6%) and 820 females (55.3%), ranging from 15 to 91 years. Lung cancer was the most mentioned as heard of (94.3%), followed by liver cancer (92.5%) and gastric cancer (92.4%), while oral cancer was the least heard of (47.7%). Family account (P=0.015), residence (P=0.028), income (P=0.024), frequency of brushing teeth (P<0.001), frequency of mouth self-examination (P<0.001) and chew betel nut chewing (P=0.015) were significantly associated with oral cancer awareness. Most respondents learned about oral cancer from TV programs (24.3%), phone news (22.0%), WeChat (11.3%) and chatting with friends or people around (14.6%). Only 34.9% knew that smoking was a risk factor of oral cancer, and this knowledge was associated with age (P=0.011), education level (P=0.007), frequency of brushing teeth (P<0.001), and frequency of mouth self-examination (P=0.002). Only 23.5% knew that drinking was a risk factor of oral cancer, and this knowledge was associated with education level (P=0.002), residence (P=0.022), frequency of brushing teeth (P=0.009), and frequency of mouth self-examination (P=0.005). Only 35.1% knew that betel nut chewing was a risk factor for oral cancer, and this knowledge was associated with age (P=0.040), education level (P=0.002), family account (P=0.002), income (P=0.005), frequency of brushing teeth (P=0.001), frequency of mouth self-examination (P<0.001), and betel nut chewing (P=0.002). Only 35.7%, 21.6% and 16.9%, respectively, knew that long-term unhealed ulcers, white plaques and red plaques in the mouth were the early signs of oral cancer.
This survey demonstrates a general lack of public awareness and knowledge about signs and symptoms of oral cancer, and its risk factors and treatment. Some residents have not formed good oral hygiene habits. Specific measures should be taken to improve the public awareness of oral cancer and related knowledge about prevention and treatment, such as the use of various new media for the public to promote their oral health knowledge, in order to reduce the incidence of oral cancer, improve early attendance rates and the patients' survival rates.
调查北京居民对口腔癌的知晓情况及其相关知识。
对北京居民（非医学相关人员）进行关于口腔癌及其防治知识的问卷调查。
共完成1483份问卷，其中男性663人（44.6%），女性820人（55.3%），年龄在15至91岁之间。提及最多听说过的癌症是肺癌（94.3%），其次是肝癌（92.5%）和胃癌（92.4%），而口腔癌是听说最少的（47.7%）。家庭情况（P = 0.015）、居住地区（P = 0.028）、收入（P = 0.024）、刷牙频率（P < 0.001）、口腔自我检查频率（P < 0.001）和嚼槟榔（P = 0.015）与口腔癌知晓情况显著相关。大多数受访者通过电视节目（24.3%）、电话新闻（22.0%）、微信（11.3%）以及与朋友或周围人聊天（14.6%）了解口腔癌。仅有34.9%的人知道吸烟是口腔癌的危险因素，这一知晓情况与年龄（P = 0.011）、教育程度（P = 0.007）、刷牙频率（P < 0.001）和口腔自我检查频率（P = 0.002）有关。仅有23.5%的人知道饮酒是口腔癌的危险因素，这一知晓情况与教育程度（P = 0.002）、居住地区（P = 0.022）、刷牙频率（P = 0.009）和口腔自我检查频率（P = 0.005）有关。仅有35.1%的人知道嚼槟榔是口腔癌的危险因素，这一知晓情况与年龄（P = 0.040）、教育程度（P = 0.002）、家庭情况（P = 0.002）、收入（P = 0.005）、刷牙频率（P = 0.001）、口腔自我检查频率（P < 0.001）和嚼槟榔（P = 0.002）有关。分别仅有35.7%、21.6%和16.9%的人知道口腔内长期不愈合的溃疡、白色斑块和红色斑块是口腔癌的早期迹象。
本次调查表明公众对口腔癌的体征和症状、危险因素及治疗普遍缺乏认识。部分居民尚未养成良好的口腔卫生习惯。应采取具体措施提高公众对口腔癌及相关防治知识的认识，如利用各种新媒体向公众普及口腔健康知识，以降低口腔癌发病率，提高早期就诊率和患者生存率。
