Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Services, Baylor University, One Bear Place, Waco, TX, 97343, USA.
J Community Health. 2020 Oct;45(5):965-972. doi: 10.1007/s10900-020-00814-y.
Physical activity (PA) and nutrition behaviors among college students in health-related disciplines are understudied. We used theory of planned behavior (TPB) and role model beliefs (RMB) to predict PA and eating behaviors of college students in health-related programs (nurses, physical education, exercise science, and athletic training). A 26-item survey was administered among the participants. Independent variables included TPB constructs and RMB measured on a 5-point scale. PA was measured by multiplicative scores of students' number of days by the amount of time spent exercising per week. Nutrition behavior was measured using fruits (2½ c-eq/day), vegetables (2½ c-eq/day), dairy (2 c-eq/day), grains (6 oz-eq/day), and proteins (5½ oz-eq/day). Multiple regression analyses were used to predict PA and nutrition behaviors. A total of 271 college health majors (mean age 22.5 ± 4.6 years) participated in the study. The majority (56.8%) of students did not meet the weekly PA guidelines and 43.2% did not meet the recommended dietary guidelines for daily servings of food groups combined. Regression analyses showed that outcome evaluation, behavioral belief, and RMB, were significantly related with student's PA behavior and they accounted for 34%, 8%, and 1% of the variance, respectively (total R = 44.7). Outcome evaluation and behavioral beliefs were significantly related with nutritional behavior and they accounted for 13.3%, and 5.3% of the variance respectively (total R = 18.6). TPB (outcome evaluation, behavioral belief) and RMB could be used to guide programs in promoting PA and nutrition behavior among college health majors.
体力活动 (PA) 和营养行为在与健康相关学科的大学生中研究不足。我们使用计划行为理论 (TPB) 和榜样信念 (RMB) 来预测健康相关专业（护士、体育、运动科学和运动训练）大学生的 PA 和饮食行为。参与者接受了一项 26 项的调查。自变量包括 TPB 结构和 RMB，均以 5 分制衡量。PA 通过学生每周锻炼时间乘以锻炼天数的乘积分数来衡量。营养行为通过水果（每天 2 又 1/2 杯当量）、蔬菜（每天 2 又 1/2 杯当量）、乳制品（每天 2 杯当量）、谷物（每天 6 盎司当量）和蛋白质（每天 5 又 1/2 盎司当量）来衡量。多元回归分析用于预测 PA 和营养行为。共有 271 名大学生健康专业学生（平均年龄 22.5 ± 4.6 岁）参与了这项研究。大多数（56.8%）学生没有达到每周 PA 指南的要求，43.2%的学生没有达到推荐的每日食物组份数的饮食指南。回归分析表明，结果评价、行为信念和 RMB 与学生的 PA 行为显著相关，分别占学生 PA 行为的 34%、8%和 1%（总 R=44.7）。结果评价和行为信念与营养行为显著相关，分别占营养行为的 13.3%和 5.3%（总 R=18.6）。TPB（结果评价、行为信念）和 RMB 可用于指导促进大学生健康专业学生 PA 和营养行为的项目。
