Menozzi Davide, Sogari Giovanni, Mora Cristina
Department of Food Science, University of Parma, via Kennedy 6, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Nutrients. 2015 Sep 10;7(9):7633-50. doi: 10.3390/nu7095357.
Although fruit and vegetable consumption is highly recommended for a healthy and balanced daily diet, several European countries do not meet these recommendations. In Italy, only 45% of young people are consuming at least one portion of vegetables per day. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the main determinants of vegetables consumption among young adults to suggest possible intervention strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a samples of Italian students (n = 751), using the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as a conceptual framework. A structural equation model (SEM) was developed to test the TPB predictors for vegetable consumption, and the role of background factors (socio-demographic and personal characteristics) in improving the TPB model's explaining power. Overall, 81% and 68%, respectively, of intentions and behaviour variance is explained by the TPB model. Socio-demographic and personal characteristics were found to influence intentions and behaviour indirectly by their effects on the theory's more proximal determinants. Interventions should be targeted to improve perceived behavioural control (PBC), attitudes and subjective norms that significantly affect intentions. Tailored interventions for male students, enrolled in courses other than food science, and doing less physical activity may have a larger effect on behavioural change.
尽管为了实现健康均衡的日常饮食，强烈建议食用水果和蔬菜，但一些欧洲国家并未达到这些建议标准。在意大利，只有45%的年轻人每天至少食用一份蔬菜。因此，本文旨在了解年轻人蔬菜消费的主要决定因素，以提出可能的干预策略。以计划行为理论（TPB）为概念框架，对一组意大利学生（n = 751）进行了横断面研究。开发了一个结构方程模型（SEM）来测试TPB对蔬菜消费的预测因素，以及背景因素（社会人口统计学和个人特征）在提高TPB模型解释力方面的作用。总体而言，TPB模型分别解释了81%和68%的意图和行为差异。研究发现，社会人口统计学和个人特征通过对该理论更直接的决定因素的影响，间接影响意图和行为。干预措施应旨在改善对行为的感知控制（PBC）、态度和主观规范，这些因素会显著影响意图。针对男学生、非食品科学专业的学生以及体育活动较少的学生进行量身定制的干预，可能会对行为改变产生更大影响。
