Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
Sports Biomech. 2023 Feb;22(2):195-203. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2020.1743348. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
This study examined the agreement between force platform and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measures of backward somersault landings. Seven female gymnasts performed three trials, taking off from a 90 cm vaulting box and using competition landing technique. Two force platforms (1000 Hz) covered with a 6.4 cm thick carpeted landing surface measured the ground reaction forces. One inertial measurement unit (500 Hz) fixed on the second thoracic vertebra measured peak resultant deceleration of the gymnast. Measurement agreement between vertical and resultant peak force measures, and resultant peak force and peak deceleration was assessed using mean differences, Pearson's correlation, and Cohen's effect size (ES) statistics. There was perfect measurement agreement between vertical and resultant peak forces (R = 1.0, p < 0.001; ES = 0.005), but only moderate measurement agreement between resultant peak force and peak resultant deceleration (Mean Difference = -2.16%, R = 0.4, p = ns; ES = 0.121). Backward somersault landings can be assessed using either uni-axial or tri-axial force platforms to measure ground impact load/force, as the landing movements are almost purely vertical. However, force measures are not the same as peak resultant decelerations from IMUs which give an indication of impact shock. Landing load/shock measures are potentially important for injury prevention.
本研究考察了反向空翻落地时力台和惯性测量单元（IMU）测量结果之间的一致性。七名女体操运动员从 90 厘米高的跳马箱上起跳，采用比赛落地技术完成三次试验。两个力台（1000Hz）覆盖着 6.4 厘米厚的地毯式着陆表面，用于测量地面反作用力。一个惯性测量单元（500Hz）固定在第二胸椎上，用于测量运动员的最大减速峰值。使用均值差异、皮尔逊相关和 Cohen 的效应量（ES）统计来评估垂直和总峰值力测量之间以及总峰值力和峰值减速之间的测量一致性。垂直力和总峰值力之间存在完美的测量一致性（R=1.0，p<0.001；ES=0.005），但总峰值力和峰值减速之间只有中等程度的测量一致性（均值差=-2.16%，R=0.4，p=无统计学意义；ES=0.121）。反向空翻落地可以使用单轴或三轴力台来评估地面冲击负荷/力，因为落地动作几乎是纯粹的垂直运动。然而，力的测量结果与来自 IMU 的峰值减速结果并不相同，后者能反映出冲击的冲击。落地负荷/冲击测量对于预防受伤可能很重要。
