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School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, Waterloo, ONN2L 3G1, Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Jul;23(10):1820-1831. doi: 10.1017/S1368980019004488. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Test the efficacy and perceived effectiveness of nutrition labels on children's menus from a full-service chain restaurant in an online study.
Using a between-groups experiment, parents were randomised to view children's menus displaying one of five children's nutrition labelling conditions: (i) No Nutrition Information (control); (ii) Calories Only; (iii) Calories + Contextual Statement (CS); (iv) Calories, Sodium + CS; or (v) Calories and Sodium in Traffic Lights + CS. Parents hypothetically ordered up to one entrée, side, beverage and dessert for their child, then rated and ranked all five labelling conditions on the level of perceived effectiveness.
Online survey.
998 parents with a 3-12 year old child.
Parents exposed to menus displaying 'Calories, Sodium + CS' selected significantly fewer calories 'overall' (entrées + side + dessert + beverage) compared to parents exposed to the control condition (-53·1 calories, P < 0·05). Parents selected 'entrees' with significantly fewer calories and lower sodium when exposed to menus with 'Calories + CS' (-24·3 calories, P < 0·05); 'Calories, Sodium + CS' (-25·4 calories, -56·1 mg sodium, P < 0·05 for both); and 'Calories and Sodium in Traffic Lights + CS' (-29·1 calories, -58·6 mg sodium, P < 0·05 for both). Parents exposed to menus with 'Calories, Sodium + CS' and 'Calories and Sodium in Traffic Lights + CS' were more likely to notice and understand nutrition information compared to other nuntrition labelling conditions. Parents perceived the menu with 'Calories and Sodium in Traffic Lights + CS' as most effective (P < 0·05).
Menus disclosing calories, sodium and a contextual statement increased the proportion of parents who noticed and understood nutrition information, and resulted in parents selecting lower calorie and sodium entrées for their children in the hypothetical purchase task.
在一项在线研究中，测试全服务连锁餐厅儿童菜单上营养标签对儿童的功效和感知效果。
采用组间实验，将父母随机分配查看显示五种儿童营养标签条件之一的儿童菜单：（i）无营养信息（对照）；（ii）卡路里；（iii）卡路里+背景声明（CS）；（iv）卡路里、钠+CS；或（v）红绿灯卡路里和钠+CS。父母为孩子假设点餐，点一道主菜、一份配菜、一杯饮料和一份甜点，然后对所有五种标签条件的感知效果进行评分和排名。
在线调查。
998 名有 3-12 岁孩子的父母。
与对照条件相比，接触显示“卡路里、钠+CS”的菜单的父母选择的“整体”卡路里明显减少（主菜+配菜+甜点+饮料）（-53.1 卡路里，P<0.05）。接触“卡路里+CS”标签的父母选择的卡路里和钠含量较低的“主菜”（-24.3 卡路里，P<0.05）；“卡路里、钠+CS”（-25.4 卡路里，-56.1 毫克钠，P<0.05 均）；以及“红绿灯卡路里和钠+CS”（-29.1 卡路里，-58.6 毫克钠，P<0.05 均）。与其他营养标签条件相比，接触“卡路里、钠+CS”和“红绿灯卡路里和钠+CS”菜单的父母更有可能注意到并理解营养信息。父母认为“红绿灯卡路里和钠+CS”标签的菜单最有效（P<0.05）。
披露卡路里、钠和背景声明的菜单增加了注意到并理解营养信息的父母比例，并导致父母在假设的购买任务中为孩子选择低卡路里和钠的主菜。
