Department of Psychology.
Department of Social Psychology.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Nov;34(7):709-725. doi: 10.1037/adb0000586. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Death and morbidity associated with substance use have risen continuously over the last few decades, increasing the need for rigorous examination of promising programs. Interventions attempting to change multiple behaviors have been designed to address interconnected problems such as use of both alcohol and drugs. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the efficacy of multibehavior interventions to curb nonmedical substance use in relation to the theoretical relation among different substance use behaviors. Specifically, our synthesis aimed to estimate the optimal number of recommendations for intervention efficacy and evaluate the impact of different combinations of recommendations on intervention efficacy. A synthesis of multibehavior interventions addressing nonmedical substance use was conducted to measure behavioral changes between the pretest and the follow-up. These changes were then compared across different numbers of recommendations. Sixty-nine reports and 233 effect sizes (k of conditions = 155, n = 28,295) were included. A positive linear relation was found between the number of targeted behaviors and intervention efficacy, which was stronger for drug use than alcohol use. Furthermore, recommendations on drug use worked better when paired with recommendations targeting other behaviors, whereas recommendations on alcohol use worked more independently. Lastly, multibehavior interventions were especially efficacious when delivered by experts. Overall, our synthesis indicated that targeting multiple substances is beneficial for changing drug use outcomes, but less so for alcohol use outcomes. Therefore, in the current substance use epidemic, innovative multibehavior programs appear to hold promise, especially to combat nonmedical drug use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
在过去几十年中，与物质使用相关的死亡和发病不断增加，这使得对有前途的项目进行严格审查的需求增加。旨在改变多种行为的干预措施旨在解决相互关联的问题，例如同时使用酒精和毒品。这项荟萃分析旨在检查多行为干预措施遏制与不同物质使用行为之间理论关系有关的非医学物质使用的功效。具体而言，我们的综合分析旨在估计干预功效的最佳推荐数量，并评估不同推荐组合对干预功效的影响。进行了多行为干预措施的综合研究，以衡量非医学物质使用的行为变化，即在预测试和随访之间的变化。然后，根据推荐的数量对这些变化进行了比较。共有 69 份报告和 233 个效应量（条件 k = 155，n = 28295）被纳入。发现目标行为的数量与干预效果之间呈正线性关系，而药物使用的效果比酒精使用更强。此外，当针对其他行为的建议与针对药物使用的建议配对时，药物使用建议的效果更好，而针对酒精使用的建议则更独立。最后，多行为干预措施由专家提供时效果最佳。总体而言，我们的综合分析表明，针对多种物质对改变药物使用结果有益，但对改变酒精使用结果的效果则较小。因此，在当前的物质使用流行中，创新的多行为计划似乎很有前途，尤其是针对非医学药物使用。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
