McKenzie Dean P, Thomas Christopher
Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Australia.
Department of Statistics, Data Science and Epidemiology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Eur J Clin Invest. 2020 Apr 20:e13249. doi: 10.1111/eci.13249.
Relative risks and odds ratios are widely reported in the medical literature, but can be very difficult to understand. We sought to further clarify these important indices.
We illustrated both relative risks and odds ratios using bar charts, then looked at the types of study for which each statistic is suited. We demonstrated calculation of relative risks and odds ratios through analysis of tabled data from a recent published longitudinal study, using a 2 × 2 table and R, the open-source statistical programming language. Simple rules for when and how to use relative risks and odds ratios are presented.
Understanding the difference between relative risks and odds ratios and when and how to use them may aid clinical interpretation, dissemination and translation of research findings.
相对风险和比值比在医学文献中广泛报道，但可能很难理解。我们试图进一步阐明这些重要指标。
我们用柱状图展示相对风险和比值比，然后考察适合每种统计量的研究类型。我们通过分析最近发表的一项纵向研究的表格数据，使用2×2表格和开源统计编程语言R来演示相对风险和比值比的计算。给出了何时以及如何使用相对风险和比值比的简单规则。
理解相对风险和比值比之间的差异以及何时和如何使用它们，可能有助于临床解释、研究结果的传播和转化。
