Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
J Neurotrauma. 2020 Oct 1;37(19):2045-2056. doi: 10.1089/neu.2020.6990. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of cell-cell communication during homeostasis and in pathology. Central nervous system (CNS)-derived EVs contain cell type-specific surface markers and intralumenal protein, RNA, DNA, and metabolite cargo that can be used to assess the biochemical and molecular state of neurons and glia during neurological injury and disease. The development of EV isolation strategies coupled with analysis of multi-plexed biomarker and clinical data have the potential to improve our ability to classify and treat traumatic brain injury (TBI) and resulting sequelae. Additionally, their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) has implications for both EV-based diagnostic strategies and for potential EV-based therapeutics. In the present review, we discuss encouraging data for EV-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies in the context of TBI monitoring and management.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在稳态和病理过程中成为细胞间通讯的关键介质。中枢神经系统 (CNS) 来源的 EVs 包含细胞类型特异性的表面标志物和管腔内蛋白、RNA、DNA 和代谢物货物，可用于评估神经损伤和疾病期间神经元和神经胶质的生化和分子状态。EV 分离策略的发展以及对多指标生物标志物和临床数据的分析有可能提高我们对创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 及其后果进行分类和治疗的能力。此外，它们穿过血脑屏障 (BBB) 的能力对基于 EV 的诊断策略和潜在的基于 EV 的治疗都有影响。在本综述中，我们讨论了基于 EV 的诊断、预后和治疗策略在 TBI 监测和管理方面的令人鼓舞的数据。
