Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Functional and Evolutionary Entomology Unit, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Centre for Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal Health, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Parasitology. 2020 Jun;147(7):731-739. doi: 10.1017/S0031182020000530. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer 1778), commonly named the poultry red mite (PRM), is considered to be the most harmful ectoparasite in poultry farms in Europe. This species feeds on the blood of laying hens, but spends most of its time hidden in cracks and crevices around hen nests. To control PRM populations in poultry houses, chemical pesticides are currently used; however, concern is growing regarding the harmful residues found in eggs and hens, along with the increased resistance of mites against several compounds. Alternatives to synthetic compounds are now being explored, including vaccines, biological control, physical control and semiochemical control based on the chemical ecology of PRM. This review focused on the different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) identified from D. gallinae and other mite species that have been discovered to control them. Pheromones (aggregation pheromone, sex pheromone and alarm pheromone) and kairomones promoting attraction behaviour in D. gallinae and other mite species are presented, while VOCs from essential oils and plant extracts with repellent properties are also explored. Finally, devices using VOCs on PRM in the field are described, with devices that have been tested on other Acari species being mentioned as potential directions for the future control of PRM.
鸡皮刺螨（De Geer 1778），通常被称为家禽红螨（PRM），被认为是欧洲家禽养殖场中最具危害性的外寄生虫。这种物种以产蛋母鸡的血液为食，但大部分时间都隐藏在母鸡巢周围的裂缝和缝隙中。为了控制家禽舍中的 PRM 种群，目前使用化学农药；然而，人们越来越担心在鸡蛋和母鸡中发现的有害残留物，以及螨虫对几种化合物的抵抗力增强。目前正在探索合成化合物的替代品，包括疫苗、生物防治、物理防治和基于 PRM 化学生态学的半化学防治。本综述重点介绍了从 D. gallinae 和其他螨种中鉴定出的不同挥发性有机化合物（VOC），这些化合物已被发现可用于控制它们。介绍了聚集信息素、性信息素和警报信息素等促进 D. gallinae 和其他螨种吸引行为的信息素，同时还探讨了具有驱避特性的精油和植物提取物中的 VOC。最后，描述了在 PRM 领域使用 VOC 的设备，还提到了已经在其他节肢动物物种上进行测试的设备，作为未来控制 PRM 的潜在方向。
