UCSF Center for Nature and Health, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, 5220 Claremont Ave, Oakland, CA 94608, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 17;17(8):2777. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082777.
While there is evidence that access to nature and parks benefits pediatric health, it is unclear how low-income families living in an urban center acknowledge or prioritize access to parks.
We conducted a study about access to parks by pediatric patients in a health system serving low-income families. Adult caregivers of pediatric patients completed a survey to identify and prioritize unmet social and economic needs, including access to parks. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore associations between lack of access to parks and sociodemographic variables. We also explored the extent to which access to parks competed with other needs.
The survey was completed by 890 caregivers; 151 (17%) identified "access to green spaces/parks/playgrounds" as an unmet need, compared to 397 (45%) who endorsed "running out of food before you had money or food stamps to buy more". Being at or below the poverty line doubled the odds ( Odds ratio 1.96, 95% CI 1.16-3.31) of lacking access to a park (reference group: above the poverty line), and lacking a high school degree nearly doubled the odds. Thirty-three of the 151 (22%) caregivers who identified access to parks as an unmet need prioritized it as one of three top unmet needs. Families who faced competing needs of housing, food, and employment insecurity were less likely to prioritize park access ( < 0.001).
Clinical interventions to increase park access would benefit from an understanding of the social and economic adversity faced by patients.
虽然有证据表明接近自然和公园有益于儿科健康，但尚不清楚居住在城市中心的低收入家庭如何承认或优先考虑进入公园的机会。
我们进行了一项关于服务低收入家庭的医疗系统中的儿科患者进入公园的研究。儿科患者的成年照顾者完成了一项调查，以确定和优先考虑未满足的社会和经济需求，包括进入公园的机会。进行了单变量和多变量分析，以探讨无法进入公园与社会人口统计学变量之间的关联。我们还探讨了进入公园的机会与其他需求竞争的程度。
共有 890 名照顾者完成了调查；151 名（17%）将“进入绿色空间/公园/游乐场”确定为未满足的需求，而 397 名（45%）则表示“在有钱或食品券购买更多食物之前，食物就用光了”。处于贫困线以下或以下的人进入公园的机会减少了一倍（优势比 1.96，95%置信区间 1.16-3.31）（参考组：贫困线以上），而没有高中学历的人的机会几乎减少了一倍。在将进入公园视为未满足需求之一的 151 名照顾者中，有 33 名将其列为三个最优先的未满足需求之一。面临住房，食物和就业保障等竞争需求的家庭不太可能将公园进入作为优先事项（<0.001）。
为了增加公园的进入机会，临床干预措施需要了解患者所面临的社会和经济逆境。
