Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Acta Parasitol. 2020 Sep;65(3):569-584. doi: 10.2478/s11686-020-00195-1. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
Toxocariasis is one of the neglected zoonosis with considerable public health importance around the world. The current study aimed to elucidate the overall prevalence of Toxocara infection in human and definitive hosts and also the contamination of soil and raw vegetables with the ova of these parasites, in Iran, using systematic review and meta-analysis.
Six English and Persian databases were explored from 2000 to 2017 using the terms toxocariasis, Toxocara spp., visceral larva migrans, Iran, epidemiology, and prevalence. This meta-analysis conducted using STATA, and for all statistical tests, a p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. The random-effects model was used to the report of the pooled prevalence with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
The pooled prevalence of toxocariasis in human was calculated as 11% (95% CI 8-13%). In terms of definitive hosts, the pooled prevalence of Toxocara infection in dogs and cats were calculated as 17% (95% CI 14-20%) and 37% (95% CI 26-48%), respectively. Also, the pooled prevalence of Toxocara spp. eggs in the soil and raw vegetable samples were calculated as 18% (95% CI 13-23%) and 2% (95% CI 1-3%), respectively.
The results of current study demonstrate that toxocariasis should be taken more seriously by health authorities. Implementing an appropriate control program is necessary to reduce the incidence of this disease in Iran.
旋毛虫病是一种被忽视的动物源性传染病，在世界范围内具有相当重要的公共卫生意义。本研究旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析，阐明伊朗人体和终末宿主的旋毛虫感染总流行率以及这些寄生虫卵对土壤和生蔬菜的污染情况。
使用术语旋毛虫病、旋毛虫属、内脏幼虫移行症、伊朗、流行病学和流行率，从 2000 年至 2017 年，检索了六个英文和波斯文数据库。本荟萃分析使用 STATA 进行，所有统计检验的 p 值均<0.05 认为具有统计学意义。使用随机效应模型报告汇总流行率及其 95%置信区间（CI）。
人体旋毛虫病的总流行率计算为 11%（95%CI 8-13%）。就终末宿主而言，狗和猫的旋毛虫感染总流行率计算为 17%（95%CI 14-20%）和 37%（95%CI 26-48%）。此外，土壤和生蔬菜样本中旋毛虫属卵的总流行率分别计算为 18%（95%CI 13-23%）和 2%（95%CI 1-3%）。
本研究结果表明，旋毛虫病应引起卫生当局的高度重视。在伊朗实施适当的控制计划对于降低该病的发病率是必要的。
