针刺法对儿童静脉穿刺时急性疼痛的影响：对循证实践的启示。
The Effect of Acupressure on Acute Pain During Venipuncture in Children: Implications for Evidence-Based Practice.
机构信息
Midwifery Department, Adiyaman University Faculty of Health Sciences, Adiyaman, Turkey.
Department of Child Health and Diseases Nursing, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
出版信息
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2020 Jun;17(3):221-228. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12437. Epub 2020 Apr 22.
AIMS
The study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial in order to determine the effects of acupressure on acute pain during venipuncture in children.
METHODS
The population of the study consisted of children, aged between 9 and 12 years, who received venipuncture between September 2015 and June 2016 at a university hospital in Istanbul. The sample consisted of a total of 90 children, including 45 children in the acupressure group and 45 children in the control group, who met the sample inclusion criteria. The results of the study were obtained by using an information form, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the visual analog scale (VAS), and the Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R). Acupressure was applied to the children in the acupressure group for 10 min before the venipuncture procedure. Pain, heart rate, and oxygen saturation levels of the children in the acupressure and control groups were evaluated both before and after the venipuncture procedure.
RESULTS
The children in the acupressure and control groups were found to be similar in terms of age, gender, parents' educational levels and working status, number of venipuncture procedures, and mean anxiety scores. In the evaluation that was conducted before the venipuncture procedure, no statistically significant differences were observed between the heat rates, oxygen saturation levels, and expected pain scores from the venipuncture procedure in the children in the acupressure and control groups. On the other hand, it was observed that the children in the acupressure group (VAS: 19.51 ± 4.98; FPS-R: 2.08 ± 0.41) experienced less pain than the children in the control group (VAS: 47.37 ± 9.89; FPS-R: 4.84 ± 1.08), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p< .000).
LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION
Acupressure administration is effective in reducing the pain that is experienced by children during a venipuncture procedure.
目的
本研究采用随机对照试验的方法，旨在确定按压穴位对儿童静脉穿刺时急性疼痛的影响。
方法
该研究的研究对象为 2015 年 9 月至 2016 年 6 月在伊斯坦布尔一所大学医院接受静脉穿刺的 9 至 12 岁儿童。该样本共包括 90 名儿童，其中 45 名儿童为穴位按压组，45 名儿童为对照组，均符合样本纳入标准。研究结果通过使用信息表、儿童状态焦虑量表（STAIC）、视觉模拟评分（VAS）和修订后的面部疼痛量表（FPS-R）获得。在静脉穿刺程序前，对穴位按压组的儿童进行 10 分钟的穴位按压。评估穴位按压组和对照组儿童在静脉穿刺前后的疼痛、心率和血氧饱和度水平。
结果
穴位按压组和对照组儿童在年龄、性别、父母教育程度和工作状况、静脉穿刺次数和平均焦虑评分方面相似。在静脉穿刺前的评估中，未观察到穴位按压组和对照组儿童的心率、血氧饱和度水平和预期静脉穿刺疼痛评分之间存在统计学差异。另一方面，我们观察到穴位按压组儿童（VAS：19.51±4.98；FPS-R：2.08±0.41）的疼痛程度低于对照组儿童（VAS：47.37±9.89；FPS-R：4.84±1.08），两组之间存在显著差异（p<0.000）。
将证据付诸行动
穴位按压可有效减轻儿童静脉穿刺时的疼痛。
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