Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wheaton College, Norton, Massachusetts, USA.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol. 2021 Jul;10(4):e381. doi: 10.1002/wdev.381. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
Faithful establishment and maintenance of proportion is seen across biological systems and provides a glimpse at fundamental rules of scaling that underlie development and evolution. Dysregulation of proportion is observed in a range of human diseases and growth disorders, indicating that proper scaling is an essential component of normal anatomy and physiology. However, when viewed through an evolutionary lens, shifts in the regulation of relative proportion are one of the most striking sources of morphological diversity among organisms. To date, the mechanisms via which relative proportion is specified and maintained remain unclear. Through the application of powerful experimental, genetic and molecular approaches, the teleost fin has provided an effective model to investigate the regulation of scaling, size, and relative growth in vertebrate organisms. This article is categorized under: Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Regulation of Size, Proportion, and Timing Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration Comparative Development and Evolution > Regulation of Organ Diversity.
在生物系统中，比例的忠实建立和维持随处可见，使我们得以一窥发育和进化所依据的基本缩放规则。在一系列人类疾病和生长障碍中观察到比例失调，表明适当的缩放是正常解剖结构和生理学的重要组成部分。然而，从进化的角度来看，相对比例调节的转变是生物体形态多样性最显著的来源之一。迄今为止，相对比例指定和维持的机制仍不清楚。通过应用强大的实验、遗传和分子方法，硬骨鱼鳍为研究脊椎动物生物体内缩放、大小和相对生长的调节提供了一个有效的模型。本文归类于：空间和时间模式的建立 > 大小、比例和时机的调节 成年干细胞、组织更新和再生 > 再生 比较发育与进化 > 器官多样性的调节。
