Saint-Petersburg State University.
University of Houston.
New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2020 Jan;2020(169):25-40. doi: 10.1002/cad.20329.
The current study investigated the long-term effects of institutionalization on the inhibitory control of young adults raised in orphanages using the color-word Stroop task. We examined whether young adults raised in institutions (IC group; n = 24; M = 22.17 years, SD = 6.7) would demonstrate poorer behavioral performance and atypical neural response to incongruent stimuli compared to their peers raised in biological families (Biological Family Care, BFC group; n = 28; M = 22.25 years, SD = 4.9). Accuracy analysis revealed that all participants were less accurate in the incongruent condition, however, no group differences were found. Reaction time analysis showed that the institutional care (IC) group was overall slower than the BFC. No significant differences in neural response to stimuli incongruence were identified. The absence of group differences in the interference condition can be explained by the low complexity of the Stroop task in the current study. The IC group showed a reduced P3 event-related potential component on both the congruent and incongruent trials. Findings suggest general attention difficulties in this population, rather than inhibitory control deficits.
本研究采用色词斯特鲁普任务，考察了机构养育对孤儿院长大的年轻人抑制控制的长期影响。我们检验了在机构中长大的年轻人（IC 组；n = 24；M = 22.17 岁，SD = 6.7）与在亲生家庭中长大的同龄人（生物家庭照护，BFC 组；n = 28；M = 22.25 岁，SD = 4.9）相比，其行为表现和对不一致刺激的神经反应是否存在差异。准确性分析表明，所有参与者在不一致条件下的准确性都较低，但组间无差异。反应时分析显示，机构养育（IC）组的反应总体较慢于 BFC 组。对刺激不一致的神经反应无显著差异。在干扰条件下，组间无差异可归因于当前研究中斯特鲁普任务的低复杂性。IC 组在一致和不一致的试验中都显示出 P3 事件相关电位成分减少。研究结果表明，该人群存在一般注意力困难，而不是抑制控制缺陷。
