Korsós Anita, Kupcsulik Szilvia, Lovas András, Hankovszky Péter, Molnár Tamás, Szabó Zsolt, Babik Barna
Általános Orvostudományi Kar, Aneszteziológiai és Intenzív Terápiás Intézet,Szegedi TudományegyetemSzeged, Semmelweis u. 6., 6720.
Orv Hetil. 2020 Apr 1;161(17):667-671. doi: 10.1556/650.2020.31815.
In December 2019, a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown origin occured in Wuhan, China. The identified infective agent is a novel corona virus called “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2) and the respiratory disease caused by this agent aquired the name “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19). In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. We reviewed the international literature regarding the novel coronavirus outbreak. Here below, we focus mainly on the diagnostic issues of COVID-19 and on the estimation of the prognosis. We detail the relevant anamnestic factors and initial examination results which serve as basics for the clinical suspicion of COVID-19. We also focus on the proper method of microbiological sampling and the relevant informations regarding diagnostic tests like the gold standard real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2. We also cite the current national epidemiologic regulations of testing for novel coronavirus. In the last section, we emphasize the importance and the potential way of early identification of high-risk patients. The COVID-19 pandemic may cause substantial epidemiological and healthcare burden even in Hungary. In addition to the epidemiologic interventions aiming the deceleration of the outbreak, the early identification and the correct hospital treatment remain key issues since these may influence mortality. The chances of the critically ill patients could be improved solely by a high-quality and careful critical care. It is prudent to meet the experiences of colleagues working hard with these patients in the already heavily infected countries. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 667–671.
2019年12月，中国武汉出现了一批不明原因的肺炎病例。已确定的感染源是一种名为“严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2”（SARS-CoV-2）的新型冠状病毒，由该病毒引起的呼吸道疾病被命名为“2019冠状病毒病”（COVID-19）。2020年3月，世界卫生组织（WHO）宣布新型冠状病毒爆发为大流行。我们回顾了有关新型冠状病毒爆发的国际文献。以下，我们主要关注COVID-19的诊断问题以及预后评估。我们详细介绍了相关的既往史因素和初始检查结果，这些是临床怀疑COVID-19的基础。我们还重点关注微生物采样的正确方法以及有关诊断测试的相关信息，如针对SARS-CoV-2的金标准实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）。我们还引用了当前国家对新型冠状病毒检测的流行病学规定。在最后一部分，我们强调了早期识别高危患者的重要性和潜在方法。即使在匈牙利，COVID-19大流行也可能造成巨大的流行病学和医疗负担。除了旨在减缓疫情爆发的流行病学干预措施外，早期识别和正确的医院治疗仍然是关键问题，因为这些可能会影响死亡率。只有通过高质量和精心的重症监护才能提高重症患者的生存几率。借鉴已经严重感染国家中与这些患者努力奋战的同事们的经验是明智的。《匈牙利医学周报》。2020年；161(17): 667–671。
