Ferreira Jorge F S, da Silva Filho Jaime Barros, Liu Xuan, Sandhu Devinder
US Salinity Laboratory (USDA-ARS), 450 W. Big Springs Rd., Riverside, CA 90001, USA.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 90001, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Apr 15;9(4):507. doi: 10.3390/plants9040507.
Two spinach ( L.) cultivars were evaluated for their response to deficient (0.25 mmol L or 0.25 K) and sufficient (5.0 mmol L or 5.0 K) potassium (K) levels combined with salinities of 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mmol L NaCl. Plants substituted K for Na proportionally with salinity within each K dose. Plants favored K over Na, regardless of salinity, accumulating significantly less Na at 5.0 K than at 0.25 K. Salinity had no effect on N, P, and K shoot accumulation, suggesting that spinach plants can maintain NPK homeostasis even at low soil K. Ca and Mg decreased with salinity, but plants showed no deficiency. There was no Na to K or Cl to NO competition, and shoot biomass decrease was attributed to excessive NaCl accumulation. Overall, 'Raccoon' and 'Gazelle' biomasses were similar regardless of K dose but 'Raccoon' outproduced 'Gazelle' at 5.0 K at the two highest salinity levels, indicating that 'Raccoon' may outperform 'Gazelle' at higher NaCl concentrations. At low K, Na may be required by 'Raccoon', but not 'Gazelle'. This study suggested that spinach can be cultivated with recycled waters of moderate salinity, and less potassium than recommended, leading to savings on crop input and decreasing crop environmental footprint.
对两个菠菜（L.）品种进行了评估，研究它们在低钾（0.25 mmol L或0.25 K）和充足钾（5.0 mmol L或5.0 K）水平下，与5、30、60、90和120 mmol L NaCl盐度组合的响应情况。在每个钾剂量下，植物随着盐度的增加按比例用钠替代钾。无论盐度如何，植物优先积累钾而非钠，在5.0 K时积累钠的量显著低于0.25 K时。盐度对地上部氮、磷和钾的积累没有影响，这表明即使在土壤低钾条件下菠菜植株也能维持氮磷钾的稳态。钙和镁含量随盐度降低，但植株未表现出缺乏症状。不存在钠与钾或氯与硝酸根的竞争，地上部生物量的减少归因于过量氯化钠的积累。总体而言，无论钾剂量如何，“浣熊”和“瞪羚”的生物量相似，但在两个最高盐度水平下，在5.0 K时“浣熊”的产量高于“瞪羚”，这表明在较高氯化钠浓度下“浣熊”可能比“瞪羚”表现更好。在低钾条件下，“浣熊”可能需要钠，但“瞪羚”不需要。本研究表明，菠菜可以用盐度适中的再生水和低于推荐量的钾进行栽培，从而节省作物投入并减少作物的环境足迹。
