Bandurska Hanna, Breś Włodzimierz, Tomczyk Agnieszka, Zielezińska Małgorzata, Borowiak Klaudia
Department of Plant Physiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Plant Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Zgorzelecka 4, 60-198 Poznań, Poland.
AoB Plants. 2022 Apr 2;14(3):plac015. doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plac015. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Salinity is a serious problem in the cultivation of ornamental plants. Chrysanthemum () 'Palisade White' was evaluated in order to examine its responses to long-term salt stress. Plants were grown in substrate supplemented with NaCl doses (g dm of substrate) 0, 0.44, 0.96, 1.47, 1.98, 2.48 and 2.99. The initial electrical conductivity (EC) of the substrates was 0.3, 0.9, 1.4, 1.9, 2.6, 3.1 and 3.9 dS m, respectively. Plant growth, relative water content (RWC), Na, Cl, K, N and P concentrations, membrane injury (MI), chlorophyll and proline levels, as well as gas exchange parameters in leaves of chrysanthemum were determined. A dose-dependent significant reduction of growth and minor decrease of leaf RWC were observed. Foliar Na and Cl concentrations increased with the highest NaCl dose up to 6-fold. However, the concentration of K increased by about 14 %, N by about 5 % but P decreased by about 23 %. Membrane injury was rather low (11 %) even at the highest NaCl dose. Statistically significant decreases of stomatal conductance (20 %), transpiration rate (32 %) and photosynthesis (25 %) were already observed at the lowest NaCl dose and about 40 % decrease of all these parameters with the highest dose. A significant reduction in the intercellular CO concentration occurred at the lower NaCl doses and no changes with the highest dose. These results show that in plants grown with the highest NaCl dose, non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis may occur. According to Maas and Hoffman tolerance assessment (1977) chrysanthemum 'Palisade White' may be considered as moderately sensitive to salt stress in terms of growth inhibition. However, it is able to cope with long-term salt stress without any signs of damage, such as chlorophyll depletion, leaf browning or necrotic spots probably due to maintenance of K homeostasis and proline accumulation, which alleviate the toxic effect of chloride.
盐分是观赏植物栽培中的一个严重问题。对菊花（）‘栅栏白’进行了评估，以研究其对长期盐胁迫的反应。将植株种植在添加了不同剂量NaCl（每立方分米基质中NaCl的克数）的基质中，剂量分别为0、0.44、0.96、1.47、1.98、2.48和2.99。基质的初始电导率（EC）分别为0.3、0.9、1.4、1.9、2.6、3.1和3.9 dS/m。测定了菊花植株的生长、相对含水量（RWC）、Na、Cl、K、N和P浓度、膜损伤（MI）、叶绿素和脯氨酸水平以及叶片的气体交换参数。观察到生长呈剂量依赖性显著降低，叶片相对含水量略有下降。叶片中Na和Cl的浓度随着最高NaCl剂量增加到6倍。然而，K的浓度增加了约14%，N增加了约5%，但P下降了约23%。即使在最高NaCl剂量下，膜损伤也相当低（11%）。在最低NaCl剂量下，气孔导度（20%）、蒸腾速率（32%）和光合作用（25%）就已出现统计学上的显著下降，在最高剂量下所有这些参数下降约40%。在较低NaCl剂量下细胞间CO浓度显著降低，在最高剂量下没有变化。这些结果表明，在以最高NaCl剂量生长的植株中，可能会发生光合作用的非气孔限制。根据马斯和霍夫曼（1977年）的耐受性评估，菊花‘栅栏白’在生长抑制方面可被视为对盐胁迫中度敏感。然而，它能够应对长期盐胁迫，而没有任何损伤迹象，如叶绿素减少、叶片褐变或坏死斑点，这可能是由于维持了K稳态和脯氨酸积累，减轻了氯离子的毒性作用。
