Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (Department of Medical Sociology).
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020 Apr 30;33(3):365-384. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01351. Epub 2020 Apr 21.
The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between health and an early exit from paid employment in the Finnish, Polish, and Spanish populations. The authors have addressed the following 3 issues: who chooses not to work according to gender patterns, whether the health status is a determinant of being non-employed, and what diseases are associated with being non-employed.
The studied material consists of data from the Collaborative Research on Ageing in Europe (COURAGE in Europe) project. The analysis was based on a sample of 5868 individuals, including 1214 from Finland, 2152 from Poland and 2532 from Spain. In the paper, these data were complemented with the results of the PArticipation To Healthy Workplaces And inclusive Strategies in the Work Sector (PATHWAYS) project.
The results of the study revealed that self-rated health was a strong predictor of being non-employed for different reasons. Chronic diseases, such as arthritis, angina, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression and hypertension, were typically associated with an increased risk of being non-employed due to health problems and early retirement. Women more frequently reported arthritis and depression, while a higher proportion of men suffered from angina and diabetes.
The results obtained by the authors highlight the importance of evaluating gender patterns in work cessation and, at the same time, the importance of gender-focused actions in terms of preventing withdrawal from the labor market. In principle, all chronic diseases have some impact on participation in the labor market. It is worth noting, however, that each of them affects workforce participation in a different manner, depending on the specific disease, country and gender. For this reason, tailored support to every individual's needs is highly recommended. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(3):365-84.
本研究的主要目的是检验芬兰、波兰和西班牙人群的健康状况与提前退出有酬工作之间的关系。作者解决了以下 3 个问题：谁选择不按照性别模式工作，健康状况是否是非就业的决定因素，以及哪些疾病与非就业有关。
研究材料来自合作老龄化研究（COURAGE in Europe）项目的数据。该分析基于包括芬兰 1214 人、波兰 2152 人和西班牙 2532 人的样本。在论文中，这些数据还补充了健康工作场所参与和工作部门包容性策略（PATHWAYS）项目的结果。
研究结果表明，自我评估的健康状况是导致不同原因非就业的一个强有力的预测因素。关节炎、心绞痛、糖尿病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、抑郁症和高血压等慢性疾病通常与因健康问题和提前退休而导致的非就业风险增加有关。女性更频繁地报告关节炎和抑郁症，而男性中更多的人患有心绞痛和糖尿病。
作者的研究结果强调了评估工作中断的性别模式的重要性，同时强调了针对预防退出劳动力市场的性别关注行动的重要性。原则上，所有慢性疾病都会对参与劳动力市场产生一定影响。然而，值得注意的是，每种疾病对劳动力参与的影响方式在不同国家和性别之间是不同的。因此，强烈建议根据每个人的需求提供量身定制的支持。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2020；33（3）：365-84。
