Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
INCITAP Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences of La Pampa (CONICET-UNLPam) National Scientific and Technical Research Council-National University of La Pampa. Mendoza 109 (CP6300), Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina; Downstream Bioprocessing Laboratory, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH. Campus Ring 1, CP28759 Bremen, Germany.
Food Res Int. 2020 Jun;132:109094. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109094. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Fungi are known to modify the properties of lignocellulosic materials during solid-state fermentation (SSF). In this study, agricultural side-streams (sunflower seed hulls, rice husks and rice straw) were used as substrates for SSF with dikaryotic and monokaryotic strains of Pleurotus sapidus. The phenolic profiles of the mentioned substrates were characterized by LC-DAD/ESI-MS pre- and post- fermentation. Moreover, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were screened against oxidizable cellular substrates, tumour and primary cell lines, and different bacteria and fungi, respectively. The concentration of phenolic compounds in the crop side-streams was reduced after fermentation with both strains of the fungus. The fermented extracts also displayed lower antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and had no hepatotoxicity. The antimicrobial activity depended upon the crop side-stream and/or SSF conditions. These results indicate that P. sapidus represent a good candidate to modify the phenolic fraction presents in crop side-streams with a consequent decrease in its bioactivities. However, the SSF with P. sapidus strains play an interesting role in the detoxification of plant materials which can be used for different applications according to the "reduce - reuse - recycle" concept contributing with the sustainable land use and circular economy.
真菌在固态发酵（SSF）过程中已知会改变木质纤维素材料的性质。在这项研究中，农业副产物（葵花籽壳、稻壳和稻草）被用作双相和单相平菇（Pleurotus sapidus）菌株 SSF 的基质。通过 LC-DAD/ESI-MS 在发酵前后对所述基质的酚类图谱进行了表征。此外，分别针对可氧化细胞底物、肿瘤和原代细胞系以及不同细菌和真菌筛选了抗氧化、细胞毒性和抗菌活性。两种真菌菌株发酵后，农作物副产物中的酚类化合物浓度降低。发酵提取物的抗氧化和细胞毒性活性也较低，且无肝毒性。抗菌活性取决于农作物副产物和/或 SSF 条件。这些结果表明，平菇（Pleurotus sapidus）是一种很好的候选物，可以修饰农作物副产物中存在的酚类成分，从而降低其生物活性。然而，平菇（Pleurotus sapidus）菌株的 SSF 在植物材料的解毒中发挥着有趣的作用，根据“减少-再利用-再循环”的概念，可根据需要将其用于不同的应用，为可持续土地利用和循环经济做出贡献。
