Division of Pediatrics, Department of Emergency Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia.
Division of Emergency Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2020 Jun;32(3):343-348. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000889.
The development and uptake of E cigarettes are a relatively recent phenomenon. Because of aggressive marketing, attractive designs, enticing flavors and primarily reactionary legislation, we are now seeing soaring rates of adolescent vaping with associated consequences. This review explores how E cigarettes work, their health implications, epidemiology among youth and current regulatory strategies.
Recently, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported that 27% of high school students had used a tobacco product within the last month, the majority being E-cigarettes in 20.8% of high school students. Vaping has managed to reverse a decades long trend of declining nicotine use among youth. Long-term addiction is not the only concern related to youth vaping; there are also increasing reports of short-term health consequences, such as seizures, acute nicotine toxicity, burns and lung injury.
Industry has created and aggressively marketed a product that is enticing to adolescents. E cigarettes have sleek designs, desirable flavors and social acceptability with perceived safety among youth. This has resulted in epidemic E cigarette use in youth with resultant significant short-term and long-term health concerns. Legislation must include regulations that strictly avoid marketing and sales to youth, as well as reducing access to these products.
目的综述：电子烟的发展和普及是一个相对较新的现象。由于其积极的营销策略、有吸引力的设计、诱人的口味以及主要是反应性的立法，我们现在看到青少年吸电子烟的比率飙升，随之而来的还有相关的后果。这篇综述探讨了电子烟的工作原理、它们对健康的影响、青少年中的流行病学以及当前的监管策略。
最新发现：最近，疾病控制与预防中心报告称，27%的高中生在过去一个月内使用过烟草制品，其中大多数是电子烟，占高中生的 20.8%。吸电子烟成功扭转了青少年尼古丁使用长达数十年的下降趋势。长期成瘾并不是与青少年吸电子烟相关的唯一问题；越来越多的报告还显示了短期健康后果，如癫痫发作、急性尼古丁中毒、烧伤和肺部损伤。
总结：该行业创造并积极推广了一种对青少年有吸引力的产品。电子烟设计时尚、口味诱人，在青少年中具有社会可接受性和所谓的安全性。这导致了青少年吸电子烟的流行，从而带来了重大的短期和长期健康问题。立法必须包括严格禁止向青少年营销和销售电子烟的规定，以及减少这些产品的获取途径。
