Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2020 Oct;52(10):928-934. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2020.03.001. Epub 2020 Apr 23.
To examine diet quality levels and changes in a diverse sample of youth from fifth to 11th grade, and interactions by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status.
Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids prospective cohort study.
Elementary, middle, and high schools in South Carolina.
A sample of 260 fifth-graders (106 boys and 154 girls) with complete data at baseline and at least 1 time point each in middle school and in high school.
Dietary intake assessed with the Block Food Screener for Kids (last week). Diet quality was assessed using energy-adjusted intakes of 5 food groups.
Descriptive statistics and growth curve models for the total group and by gender for diet quality from fifth to 11th grade (P < 0.05).
Both boys and girls had low levels of diet quality, which continued to decline through 11th grade. Significant main effects by race and poverty as well as a race by poverty interaction were observed.
Programs and policies that support healthy dietary patterns in children transitioning from elementary to middle and high school are needed. Specific efforts that focus on nutrition disparities in children from low-income and minority backgrounds are warranted.
在一个来自五至十一年级的多样化青少年样本中，检查饮食质量水平和变化，并按种族/民族和社会经济地位进行交互作用分析。
儿童过渡和活动变化前瞻性队列研究。
南卡罗来纳州的小学、初中和高中。
一个有完整基线数据的 260 名五年级学生样本（106 名男生和 154 名女生），并且在初中和高中至少有一次每个时间点的随访。
使用儿童食物筛选器（Block Food Screener for Kids）评估过去一周的膳食摄入量。通过调整能量摄入的 5 种食物组来评估饮食质量。
对整个群体以及按性别进行描述性统计和生长曲线模型分析，以了解从五年级到十一年级的饮食质量变化（P < 0.05）。
男孩和女孩的饮食质量都较低，且在整个 11 年级期间持续下降。观察到了种族和贫困的显著主要效应，以及种族和贫困的交互作用。
需要制定支持儿童从小学过渡到初中和高中期间健康饮食模式的计划和政策。有必要针对来自低收入和少数族裔背景的儿童的营养差异进行专门的努力。
