Monnerat Gustavo, Sánchez Carlos A R, Santos Caleb G M, Paulucio Dailson, Velasque Rodolfo, Evaristo Geisa P C, Evaristo Joseph A M, Nogueira Fabio C S, Domont Gilberto B, Serrato Mauricio, Lima Antonio S, Bishop David, Campos de Carvalho Antonio C, Pompeu Fernando A M S
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 Apr 25;15(8):1156-1167. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0267. Print 2020 Sep 1.
High cardiorespiratory capacity is a key determinant of human performance and life expectancy; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate biochemical signatures of endurance-performance athletes using high-resolution nontargeted metabolomics.
Elite long-distance runners with similar training and anthropometrical records were studied. After athletes' maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) was measured, they were divided into 2 groups: low V˙O2max (<65 mL·kg-1·min-1, n = 7) and high V˙O2max (>75 mL·kg-1·min-1, n = 7). Plasma was collected under basal conditions after 12 hours of fasting and after a maximal exercise test (nonfasted) and analyzed by high-resolution LC-MS. Multivariate and univariate statistics were applied.
A total of 167 compounds were putatively identified with an LC-MS-based metabolomics pipeline. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed a clear separation between groups. Significant variations in metabolites highlighted group differences in diverse metabolic pathways, including lipids, vitamins, amino acids, purine, histidine, xenobiotics, and others, either under basal condition or after the maximal exercise test.
Taken together, the metabolic alterations revealed in the study affect cellular energy use and availability, oxidative stress management, muscle damage, central nervous system signaling metabolites, nutrients, and compound bioavailability, providing new insights into metabolic alterations associated with exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness levels in trained athletes.
高心肺功能是人类运动能力和预期寿命的关键决定因素；然而，其潜在机制尚未完全明确。本初步研究的目的是使用高分辨率非靶向代谢组学来探究耐力型运动员的生化特征。
对训练和人体测量记录相似的精英长跑运动员进行研究。在测量运动员的最大摄氧量（V˙O2max）后，将他们分为两组：低V˙O2max（<65 mL·kg-1·min-1，n = 7）和高V˙O2max（>75 mL·kg-1·min-1，n = 7）。在禁食12小时后的基础条件下以及最大运动测试（非禁食）后采集血浆，并通过高分辨率液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行分析。应用多变量和单变量统计方法。
基于液相色谱 - 质谱联用仪的代谢组学流程共推定鉴定出167种化合物。偏最小二乘判别分析显示两组之间有明显区分。代谢物的显著差异突出了在基础条件下或最大运动测试后，两组在包括脂质、维生素、氨基酸、嘌呤、组氨酸、外源性物质等多种代谢途径中的差异。
综上所述，该研究揭示的代谢改变影响细胞能量利用和可利用性、氧化应激管理、肌肉损伤、中枢神经系统信号代谢物、营养物质以及化合物生物利用度，为训练有素的运动员中与运动和心肺健康水平相关的代谢改变提供了新见解。
