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古巴的全民健康:各部门的健康公共政策

Universal Health in Cuba: Healthy Public Policy in All Sectors.

作者信息

Serrate Pastor Castell-Florit

出版信息

MEDICC Rev. 2019 Oct;21(4):74-77. doi: 10.37757/MR2019.V21.N4.13.

DOI:10.37757/MR2019.V21.N4.13
PMID:32335574
Abstract

Health is a universal human right, which should be safeguarded by government responsibility and included in all social policies. Only as such it is possible to ensure effective responses to the health needs of an entire population. The Cuban Constitution recognizes the right to health, and the country's single, free, uni-versal public health system and high-level political commitment promote intersectorality as a strategy to address health problems. Intersectorality is refiected in national regulations that encourage participation by all social sectors in health promotion/disease prevention/treatment/rehabilitation policies and programs. The strategy has increased the response capacity of Cuba's health system to face challenges in the national and international so-cioeconomic context and has helped improve the country's main health indicators. New challenges (sociocultural, economic and environmental), due to their effects on the population's health, well-being and quality of life, now require improved intersectoral coordination in the primary health care framework to sustain achievements made thus far. KEYWORDS Universal coverage, public health, health policy, social planning, intersectoral collaboration, Cuba.

摘要

健康是一项普遍的人权,应由政府负责保障,并纳入所有社会政策之中。只有这样,才有可能确保对全体民众的健康需求作出有效回应。古巴宪法承认健康权,该国单一、免费、普及的公共卫生系统以及高度的政治承诺推动了部门间合作,将其作为解决健康问题的一项战略。部门间合作体现在国家法规之中,这些法规鼓励所有社会部门参与健康促进/疾病预防/治疗/康复政策及项目。这一战略增强了古巴卫生系统在国内和国际社会经济背景下面对挑战的应对能力,并有助于改善该国的主要健康指标。由于新的挑战(社会文化、经济和环境方面的)对民众的健康、福祉和生活质量产生影响,现在需要在初级卫生保健框架内加强部门间协调,以维持迄今取得的成果。关键词:全民覆盖、公共卫生、卫生政策、社会规划、部门间合作、古巴

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