英国成年人食物不安全的社会人口特征、饮食和健康：国际粮食政策研究的横断面分析。
Socio-demographic characteristics, diet and health among food insecure UK adults: cross-sectional analysis of the International Food Policy Study.
机构信息
Centre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
出版信息
Public Health Nutr. 2020 Oct;23(14):2602-2614. doi: 10.1017/S1368980020000087. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate food insecurity (FI) prevalence among UK adults and investigate associations with socio-demographic characteristics, diet and health.
DESIGN
Weighted cross-sectional survey data. FI was measured using the USDA Adult Food Security Survey Module. Data were analysed using adjusted logistic regression models.
SETTING
United Kingdom.
PARTICIPANTS
2551 participants (aged 18-64 years); sub-sample (n 1949) used to investigate association between FI and overweight.
RESULTS
FI prevalence was 24·3 %. Higher odds of FI were observed among participants who reported that making ends meet was difficult v. easy (OR 19·76, 95 % CI 13·78, 28·34), were full-time students v. non-students (OR 3·23, 95 % CI 2·01, 5·18), had low v. high education (OR 2·30, 95 % CI 1·66, 3·17), were male v. female (OR 1·36, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·83) and reported their ethnicity as mixed (OR 2·32, 95 % CI 1·02, 5·27) and white other (OR 2·04, 95 % CI 1·04, 3·99) v. white British. Odds of FI were higher in participants living with children v. alone, especially in single-parent households (OR 2·10, 95 % CI 1·19, 3·70). Odds of FI decreased per year of increase in age (OR 0·95, 95 % CI 0·94, 0·96) and were lower in participants not looking for work v. full-time employed (OR 0·60, 95 % CI 0·42, 0·87). Food insecure v. food secure adults had lower odds of consuming fruits (OR 0·59, 95 % CI 0·47, 0·74) and vegetables (OR 0·68, 95 % CI 0·54, 0·86) above the median frequency, and higher odds for fruit juice (OR 1·39, 95 % CI 1·10, 1·75). Food insecure v. food secure adults had higher odds of reporting unhealthy diets (OR 1·65, 95 % CI 1·31, 2·10), poor general health, (OR 1·90, 95 % CI 1·50, 2·41), poor mental health (OR 2·10, 95 % CI 1·64, 2·69), high stress (OR 3·15, 95 % CI 2·42, 4·11) and overweight (OR 1·32, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·75).
CONCLUSIONS
FI prevalence was high and varied by socio-demographic characteristics. FI was associated with poorer diet and health.
目的
估计英国成年人的粮食不安全（FI）流行率，并调查其与社会人口特征、饮食和健康的关系。
设计
加权横断面调查数据。使用美国农业部成人粮食安全调查模块衡量 FI。使用调整后的逻辑回归模型进行数据分析。
地点
英国。
参与者
2551 名参与者（年龄 18-64 岁）；使用亚样本（n=1949）调查 FI 与超重之间的关系。
结果
FI 的患病率为 24.3%。与报告收支平衡困难的参与者相比，FI 的可能性更高（OR 19.76，95%CI 13.78，28.34），与非学生相比（OR 3.23，95%CI 2.01，5.18），与受教育程度较低者相比（OR 2.30，95%CI 1.66，3.17），与女性相比（OR 1.36，95%CI 1.01，1.83），报告自己的种族为混合（OR 2.32，95%CI 1.02，5.27）和白色其他（OR 2.04，95%CI 1.04，3.99）比白色英国人（OR 1.36，95%CI 1.01，1.83）更高。与独居者相比，与子女同住者（尤其是单亲家庭）的 FI 可能性更高（OR 2.10，95%CI 1.19，3.70）。年龄每增加一年，FI 的可能性就会降低（OR 0.95，95%CI 0.94，0.96），与全职工作者相比，不寻找工作者的 FI 可能性更低（OR 0.60，95%CI 0.42，0.87）。与粮食安全成年人相比，粮食不安全成年人食用水果（OR 0.59，95%CI 0.47，0.74）和蔬菜（OR 0.68，95%CI 0.54，0.86）的频率低于中位数的可能性较低，而果汁的可能性较高（OR 1.39，95%CI 1.10，1.75）。与粮食安全成年人相比，粮食不安全成年人饮食不健康（OR 1.65，95%CI 1.31，2.10）、总体健康状况较差（OR 1.90，95%CI 1.50，2.41）、心理健康状况较差（OR 2.10，95%CI 1.64，2.69）、压力较大（OR 3.15，95%CI 2.42，4.11）和超重（OR 1.32，95%CI 1.00，1.75）的可能性更高。
结论
FI 的患病率很高，且因社会人口特征而异。FI 与较差的饮食和健康状况有关。
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