College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(30):40075-40087. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08587-6. Epub 2020 Apr 26.
Agricultural non-point source pollution is one of the important reasons for rural water pollution, and it is also an important source of water eutrophication. In recent years, with the rapid economic growth and social changes in rural areas, large amounts of untreated domestic sewage and agricultural wastewater entering farmland require high efficiency, low operating costs, and minimal maintenance of treatment systems in rural and remote areas to minimize their impact on water and biodiversity. Since there is little research on the ecological treatment technology of agricultural non-point source pollution in China, from the perspective of controlling agricultural non-point source pollution, some ecological treatment technologies suitable for rural areas at home and abroad are summarized. This paper introduces the practical application of ecological treatment technology, the type of process, advantages and disadvantages, and the influencing factors of ecological treatment technology in the purification of sewage engineering and summarizes the removal mechanism of pollutants in ecological treatment technology. Eco-processing technologies are cost-effective in terms of their construction, maintenance, and energy needs and can be considered a sustainable wastewater treatment method, especially in remote areas and developing countries. It provides basic ideas for the construction of rural ecological treatment technology in China and puts forward suggestions and ideas for the future development trend of ecological treatment process sewage.
农业面源污染是农村水污染的重要原因之一，也是水体富营养化的重要来源。近年来，随着农村经济的快速增长和社会变革，大量未经处理的生活污水和农业废水进入农田，需要高效、低运行成本和最小化维护的处理系统，以最大限度地减少其对水和生物多样性的影响。由于中国对农业面源污染的生态处理技术研究较少，因此从控制农业面源污染的角度出发，总结了国内外一些适合农村地区的生态处理技术。本文介绍了生态处理技术在污水工程中的实际应用、工艺类型、优缺点以及生态处理技术对污染物的去除机制，生态处理技术在建设、维护和能源需求方面具有成本效益，可被视为一种可持续的污水处理方法，特别是在偏远地区和发展中国家。为中国农村生态处理技术的建设提供了基本思路，并对生态处理工艺污水的未来发展趋势提出了建议和设想。
