School of Accounting, Nanjing Audit University, Nanjing, 211815, China.
Department Economy and Management, Ma'anshan Technology College, 243002, Ma'anshan, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Nov 13;193(12):801. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-09383-6.
The reforming and opening-up has brought about the rapid development of China's economy, greatly improved the living standards of rural residents, and also caused the destruction of the rural ecological environment. Due to the backward production technology and pollution control technology, many township enterprises discharge excessive pollutants, and excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production causes serious agricultural non-point source pollution. These pollution sources that cannot be effectively controlled cause a large number of water and land resource function decline. Not only the loss of agricultural production, but they also bring hidden danger to the survival of many rural residents. Taking Xinxiang city of Hunan province as an example, this paper selects 28 indicators and mainly uses AHP, entropy weight method, and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate and analyze the development level of rural ecological environment. This study can provide a reference for the Chinese government to formulate rural development planning and can also be used as a reference for the evaluation of rural ecological environment in developed and underdeveloped areas.
改革开放带来了中国经济的快速发展，极大地提高了农村居民的生活水平，但也导致了农村生态环境的破坏。由于生产技术和污染控制技术落后，许多乡镇企业排放过多的污染物，农业生产中过度使用化肥和农药会造成严重的农业面源污染。这些无法有效控制的污染源导致大量水和土地资源功能下降。不仅农业生产受到损失，而且还给许多农村居民的生存带来了隐患。以湖南省新乡市为例，本文选取了 28 个指标，主要采用层次分析法、熵权法和模糊综合评价法对农村生态环境的发展水平进行评价分析。本研究可为中国政府制定农村发展规划提供参考，也可为发达地区和欠发达地区农村生态环境评价提供借鉴。
