隐球菌病治疗的新方法。
New Approaches for Cryptococcosis Treatment.
作者信息
Spadari Cristina de Castro, Wirth Fernanda, Lopes Luciana Biagini, Ishida Kelly
机构信息
Laboratory of Antifungal Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.
出版信息
Microorganisms. 2020 Apr 23;8(4):613. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8040613.
Cryptococcosis is an important opportunistic infection and a leading cause of meningitis in patients with HIV infection. The antifungal pharmacological treatment is limited to amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5- flucytosine. In addition to the limited pharmacological options, the high toxicity, increased resistance rate and difficulty of the currently available antifungal molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier hamper the treatment. Thus, the search for new alternatives for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis is extremely necessary. In this review, we describe the therapeutic strategies currently available, discuss new molecules with antifungal potential in different phases of clinical trials and in advanced pre-clinical phase, and examine drug nanocarriers to improve delivery to the central nervous system.
隐球菌病是一种重要的机会性感染，也是HIV感染患者脑膜炎的主要病因。抗真菌药物治疗仅限于两性霉素B、氟康唑和5-氟胞嘧啶。除了药物选择有限外，目前可用的抗真菌分子毒性高、耐药率增加且难以穿过血脑屏障，这阻碍了治疗。因此，寻找治疗隐球菌性脑膜炎的新替代方法极为必要。在本综述中，我们描述了目前可用的治疗策略，讨论了处于不同临床试验阶段和临床前晚期阶段具有抗真菌潜力的新分子，并研究了药物纳米载体以改善向中枢神经系统的递送。
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