Morrissey Karyn, Kinderman Peter
European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Knowledge Spa, Truro, TR1 3HD, UK.
Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
SSM Popul Health. 2020 Mar 31;11:100576. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100576. eCollection 2020 Aug.
This paper examines the association between financial hardship in childhood and adulthood, and depression and anxiety in adulthood with reference to the accumulation, critical period and social mobility hypotheses in lifecourse epidemiology. Using the BBC Stress test, linear regression models were used to investigate the associations for the whole population and stratifying by sex and adjusting for age and highest education attainment. The critical period hypothesis was not confirmed. The accumulation hypothesis was confirmed and stratifying by sex women had a higher estimated mean GAD score if they were poor in both childhood and adulthood compared to men. Our findings do not support the social mobility hypothesis. However, stratifying by sex, a clear difference emerged with upward mobility having a favourable impact (lower) on women's mean GAD scores, while upward social mobility in adulthood did not attenuate the impact of financial hardship in childhood or men. The impact of financial hardship in childhood on later mental health outcomes is particularly concerning for future health outcomes as current levels of child poverty increases in the UK.
本文参照生命历程流行病学中的累积、关键期和社会流动假说，研究了童年期和成年期的经济困难与成年期抑郁和焦虑之间的关联。使用英国广播公司压力测试，通过线性回归模型来研究总体人群的关联，并按性别分层，同时对年龄和最高学历进行调整。关键期假说未得到证实。累积假说得到证实，按性别分层，与男性相比，如果女性在童年期和成年期都贫困，其广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）估计平均得分更高。我们的研究结果不支持社会流动假说。然而，按性别分层时，出现了明显差异，向上流动对女性的平均GAD得分有有利影响（得分较低），而成年期向上的社会流动并未减弱童年期经济困难对女性或男性的影响。鉴于英国目前儿童贫困水平上升，童年期经济困难对后期心理健康结果的影响尤其令人担忧，这关乎未来的健康状况。
