跨文化护理遭遇的挑战：拉萨外籍护士的视角。
The Challenge of Cross-Cultural Care Encounters: Perspective of Imported Nurses in Lhasa, Tibet.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Jilin University, 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Gastroenterology, Tibet Autonomous Region Second People's Hospital, Lhasa 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, China.
出版信息
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Apr 8;2020:3159178. doi: 10.1155/2020/3159178. eCollection 2020.
AIMS
The purpose of this study was to describe the challenge of cross-cultural care encounters from perspective of imported nurses in Lhasa, Tibet, as well as investigate the relationship of cross-cultural care encounters and its influencing factors.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was designed among 300 imported nurses and 255 patients selected from four comprehensive hospitals (including two Grade III Class A hospitals and two Grade III Class B hospitals) in Lhasa. The average number, standard deviations, constituent ratios, -tests, rank-sum tests, one-way ANOVAs, multiple stepwise regression analyses, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze cross-cultural care encounters and its influencing factors. < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
The cross-cultural care encounter of nurses was 61.73 ± 11.86, mainly relating to age, technical titles, Tibetan language ability, and participation in humanistic training. Age, gender, educational level, technical titles, Tibetan language ability, years working in Tibet, and participation in language and humanities training were the influencing factors ( < 0.05). The average total score of culturally competent care of imported nurses in Lhasa was 218 ± 31.09. Cross-cultural care encounters of nurses were positively correlated with culturally competent care ( = 0.126, < 0.01) and the needs of patients' cultural care ( = 0.183).
CONCLUSION
The scores of culturally competent care and cross-cultural care encounter of imported nurses were at a high level, and their culturally competent care was in the second stage of "conscious and incapable" status. The cross-cultural care encounter of nurses is positively related to culturally competent care and the needs of patients' cultural care. Abilities of language communication, understanding of Tibetan culture, and enhancement of the cultural ability needed optimization.
目的
本研究旨在从拉萨输入护士的角度描述跨文化护理遭遇的挑战，并探讨跨文化护理遭遇及其影响因素的关系。
方法
采用横断面调查方法，选取拉萨市 4 家综合医院（包括 2 家三级甲等医院和 2 家三级乙等医院）的 300 名输入护士和 255 名患者。采用均数、标准差、构成比、t 检验、秩和检验、单因素方差分析、多元逐步回归分析和 Pearson 相关分析对跨文化护理遭遇及其影响因素进行分析。 < 0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
结果
护士的跨文化护理遭遇为 61.73 ± 11.86，主要与年龄、技术职称、藏语能力和参与人文培训有关。年龄、性别、文化程度、技术职称、藏语能力、在藏工作年限和参加语言及人文培训是影响因素（ < 0.05）。拉萨输入护士的文化能力护理总得分平均为 218 ± 31.09。护士的跨文化护理遭遇与文化能力护理呈正相关（ = 0.126， < 0.01），与患者文化护理需求呈正相关（ = 0.183）。
结论
输入护士的文化能力护理和跨文化护理遭遇得分处于较高水平，其文化能力护理处于“有意识但无能力”的第二阶段。护士的跨文化护理遭遇与文化能力护理和患者文化护理需求呈正相关。语言沟通能力、对藏族文化的理解和文化能力的提高有待优化。
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